Mood Disorders and Suicide

A set of flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on mood disorders and suicide.

What are the two key moods in mood disorders?

Depression and Mania.

How much more common is MDD in women compared to men?

About 2 times as common.

What is the lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder?

Approximately 1%.

What characterizes unipolar depressive disorders?

Only depressive episodes.

What characterizes bipolar disorders?

Manic and usually depressive episodes.

Which psychological perspective suggests a lack of positive reinforcement leads to depression?

Behavioral Perspective.

What is the definition of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

History of 1 or more major depressive episodes without a history of manic episodes.

What is the DSM-5 criteria for a Major Depressive Episode?

5 or more symptoms present for at least 2 weeks, including depressed mood or loss of pleasure.

What is Persistent Depressive Disorder?

Formerly known as dysthymia; a persistently depressed mood lasting at least 2 years.

What is 'double depression'?

A combination of Persistent Depressive Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder.

What biological factors are believed to influence unipolar mood disorders?

Altered neurotransmitter activity, genetics, and hormone regulation.

What is the Cognitive Triad in relation to depression?

Negative thoughts about the self, the world, and the future.

What are some types of psychological theories related to depression?

Attributional style, ruminative styles, learned helplessness.

What is the difference between suicidal self-injury and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI)?

Suicidal self-injury involves ambivalence about death, whereas NSSI is often a coping mechanism.

What age group sees an increase in suicidal thoughts and behaviors?

From adolescence to early adulthood.

What is a manic episode according to the DSM-5?

At least 1 week of abnormally elevated mood with 3 or more symptoms.

What are some common treatments for mood disorders?

Pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes.

What is the significance of antidepressants in treating mood disorders?

They may take about a month to take effect and involve switching medications if ineffective.

What percentage of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder experience severe symptoms?

83%.

What is the main function of mood stabilizers?

To reduce acute symptoms and stabilize mood swings.

What is the primary aim of suicide prevention interventions?

To mitigate risk factors and provide support.

What cultural factors can influence the expression of mood disorders?

Cultural acceptance or stigmatization of mental health.

What is Joiner's Interpersonal-Psychological Model of Suicide?

It suggests that the desire to die by suicide comes from feeling a burden and lacking belonging.

What is the average age of diagnosis for bipolar disorder?

25 years old.

How effective are pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorder?

Lithium is common; it addresses mood cycling but can have side effects.

What percentage of adolescents and young adults report nonsuicidal self-injury?

Approximately 15-20%.

What are the primary goals of crisis intervention?

To support a person in coping with immediate crises.