paper 2 topics

Q1. Rio de Janeiro: Social Opportunities (Health & Education)

Rule: Access to services improved. Example: Life expectancy increased and the number of schools built grew to help raise literacy rates.

Q2. Rio de Janeiro: Social Opportunities (Water & Energy)

Rule: Infrastructure improvements. Example: 95% of the city got access to mains water and 95% had electricity following upgrades.

Q3. Rio de Janeiro: Social Challenges (Healthcare & Education)

Rule: Inequality in favelas. Example: Only 55% of the city had local health clinics, and schools in poorer areas lacked funding and teachers.

Q4. Rio de Janeiro: Social Challenges (Water & Energy Supply)

Rule: Shortages and illegal tapping. Example: 12% of homes lacked clean running water, and frequent blackouts occurred due to illegal wiring.

Q5. Rio de Janeiro: Economic Opportunities

Rule: Job creation and growth. Example: Rio provides 6% of Brazil's employment in finance, retail, and manufacturing, plus tourism and oil industries.

Q6. Rio de Janeiro: Economic Challenges (Unemployment & Informal Economy)

Rule: Lack of formal jobs. Example: High unemployment (over 20% in favelas) forces people into the informal economy with low pay and no tax protection.

Q7. Rio de Janeiro: Environmental Challenges (Water Pollution)

Rule: Untreated waste entering water sources. Example: Guanabara Bay became polluted by 200 tonnes of raw sewage and 50 industrial wastes daily.

Q8. Rio de Janeiro: Environmental Challenges (Air Pollution & Traffic)

Rule: Congestion and smog. Example: Heavy traffic congestion causes 5,000 deaths a year from smog and heavy exhaust fumes.

Q9. Rio de Janeiro: Environmental Challenges (Waste Management)

Rule: Rubbish disposal issues. Example: In favelas on steep slopes, waste collection is difficult, leading to disease and blocked drains.

Q10. Rio de Janeiro: Favela-Bairro Project (Urban Upgrading)

Rule: Site and service schemes. Example: Paving streets, building health clinics, installing official water pipes, and giving legal property ownership to residents.

Q11. Leeds: Importance (Regional & National)

Rule: Economic and cultural hub in the UK. Example: Located in West Yorkshire, Leeds is a major financial center (the UK's largest outside London) with top universities.

Q12. Leeds