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Math Exam 2
Math Exam 2
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1
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Proper Nodal Source: Conditions?
Repeated positive real eigenvalue with 2 independent eigenvectors; straight lines outward.
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Proper Nodal Sink: Conditions?
Repeated negative real eigenvalue with 2 independent eigenvectors; straight lines inward.
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Saddle Point: Conditions?
Real eigenvalues of opposite signs; trajectories approach in one direction and leave in another.
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Center: Conditions?
Purely imaginary eigenvalues ±bi; closed elliptical trajectories.
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Spiral Source: Conditions?
Complex eigenvalues a±bi with a>0; spirals outward.
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Spiral Sink: Conditions?
Complex eigenvalues a±bi with a<0; spirals inward.
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Parallel Lines: One zero eigenvalue?
One eigenvalue is 0; negative nonzero eigenvalue means flow toward an equilibrium line, positive means away.
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Parallel Lines: Repeated zero eigenvalue?
Repeated zero eigenvalue with 1 independent eigenvector; parallel straight-line trajectories.
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Variation of Parameters (ODE): Formula for u1'?
u1' = -y2*g(x)/W
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Variation of Parameters (ODE): Formula for u2'?
u2' = y1*g(x)/W
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Variation of Parameters (systems): Full general solution from 0 to t?
x(t) = e^(At)[xc + ∫_0^t e^(-As)f(s) ds]
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Improper Nodal Source: Distinct eigenvalues case?
Two distinct positive real eigenvalues; trajectories move outward and tend to align with the dominant eigenvector.
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Improper Nodal Source: Repeated eigenvalue case?
Repeated positive real eigenvalue with only 1 independent eigenvector; trajectories move outward.
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Improper Nodal Sink: Distinct eigenvalues case?
Two distinct negative real eigenvalues; trajectories move inward and tend to align with the dominant eigenvector.
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Improper Nodal Sink: Repeated eigenvalue case?
Repeated negative real eigenvalue with only 1 independent eigenvector; trajectories move inward.