✅BIO 131 Female reproductive system

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The hormone that stimulates ovulation is

progesterone.

growth hormone.

luteinizing hormone.

testosterone.

FSH.

luteinizing hormone

At the beginning of each ovarian cycle, which one of the following hormones causes the development of a primary oocyte?

LH

prolactin

FSH

progesterone

estrogen

FSH

During the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, the

functional zone of the endometrium is restored.

endometrium finalizes the preparation for implantation.

fertilized ovum implants.

old functional layer is sloughed off.

corpus luteum is forming.

functional zone of the endometrium is restored

Assuming a 28-day ovarian cycle, on what day should ovulation occur?

day 0

day 28

day 14

day 21

day 14

Place these stages of the ovarian cycle in the correct order.

1.Corpus albicans

2.Tertiary follicle

3.Primary follicle

4.Ruptured follicle

5.Primordial follicle

6.Secondary follicle

7.Corpus luteum

5, 3, 6, 4, 2, 7, 1

5, 3, 6, 2, 4, 7, 1

5, 3, 6, 2, 7, 4, 1

5, 6, 3, 4, 2, 7, 1

5, 3, 6, 2, 4, 7, 1

A polar body and a(n) ________ are the results of meiosis I of oogenesis.

primary oocyte

oogonium

secondary oocyte

primordial follicle

secondary oocyte

The ovary does not release a mature gamete. Instead, a(n) ________ is released.

zygote

primary oocyte

oogonium

secondary oocyte

oocyte

secondary oocyte

In a female, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) target the

uterus.

hypothalamus.

anterior pituitary gland.

ovaries.

ovaries

The secretory phase of the uterine cycle occurs during the ________ phase of the ovarian cycle.

ovulation

involution

luteal

proliferative

follicular

luteal

Which follicle releases a secondary oocyte at ovulation?

secondary follicle

tertiary follicle

primordial follicle

primary follicle

tertiary follicle

Which of the following is the phase of the ovarian cycle during which several primary follicles mature into secondary follicles?

menstrual phase

ovarian phase

luteal phase

follicular phase

follicular phase

The menstrual and proliferative phases of the uterine cycle occur during the ________ phase of the ovarian cycle.

luteal

secretory

involution

follicular

ovulation

follicular

______promotes growth of the functional layer of the endometrium.

LH

FSH

Progesterone

Estrogen

Estrogen

The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that ________.

during spermatogenesis two more polar bodies are produced

in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced from the parent cell, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell

the mature ovum is n, while the sperm is 2n

spermatogenesis involves mitosis and meiosis, but oogenesis involves meiosis only

in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced from the parent cell, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell

What causes follicles to start growing again in a new ovarian cycle?

decrease in GnRH

elevation of LH and FSH

progesterone release

development of the corpus hemorrhagicum

elevation of LH and FSH

All of the following structures are part of the vagina EXCEPT

fornix

rugae

hymen

paraurethral glands

paraurethral glands

Extending laterally from the ovaries, these structures provide a route for sperm to reach an ovum.

ovarian ducts

eustachian tubes

oviducts

isthmuses

oviducts

What is a function of relaxin?

causes sloughing of the endometrium

stimulates myometrial contraction

stimulates endometrial contraction

causes dilation of the cervix

causes dilation of cervix

Of the following hormones responsible for ovarian events, which one is MISMATCHED?

endometrial growth―estrogen

ovulation―LH

corpus luteum growth―LH

LH surge at midcycle―hCG

LH surge at midcycle―hCG

Where is the corpus albicans?

F

G

H

I

None of the choices is correct.

none of the choices is correct

______ hormone, secreted by the ______, controls the ovarian and uterine cycles.

FSH; anterior pituitary

LH; anterior pituitary

GnRH; hypothalamus

HGH; hypothalamus

Estrogens; ovaries

GnRh; hypothalamus

Which structures in the ovary secrete progesterone, estrogens, relaxin, and inhibin?

graafian corpuscle

corpus luteum

ovarian medulla

ovarian cortex

corpus luteum

Which of the following female reproductive structures is NOT correctly matched to the homologous structure in the male?

labia minora - spongy urethra

paraurethral glands - prostate gland

greater vestribular glands - bulbourethral glands

bulbs of vestibule - corpus spongiosum

clitoris - scrotum

clitoris- scrotum

This is the ovarian phase between the end of menstruation and beginning of ovulation.

menstrual phase

preovulatory phase

proliferative phase

follicular phase

postovulatory phase

preovulatory phase

All of the following hold the ovaries in position in the pelvic cavity EXCEPT

suspensory ligament

mesovarium

tunica albuginea

broad ligament

tunica albuginea

Anterior to the vagina and urethral opening is the

labia majora

labia minor

mons pubis

cervical sphincter

labial frenulum

mons pubis

This hormone triggers ovulation.

GnRH

LH

FSH

estrogen

progesterone

LH

How does the age of a primary oocyte in a female compare with the age of a primary spermatocyte in a male?

oocytes developed during fetal life; sperm produced continually after puberty

both oocyte and spermatocyte develop at puberty

both have all the immature forms; maturity begins at puberty

oocytes develop at puberty; sperm during fetal life

oocytes developed during fetal life; sperm produces continually after puberty

Is stimulation of secretion of GnRH by declining levels of estrogens and progesterone a positive or negative feedback effect?

negative feedback

positive feedback

negative, if fertilization has occurred

positive, if fertilization has not occurred

negative feedback

Number 1 in this illustration of a mature follicle indicates the

zona pellucida

antrum

theca interna

granulosa cells

corona radiata

granulosa cells

All of the following provide feedback for the female reproductive cycle EXCEPT

GnRH

FSH

LH

relaxin

relaxin