PSY 301 Benchmarks and RAS 1-9

Jannie missed the first exam. According to the syllabus, what should she do?

Obtain documentation for a valid excuse for missing the exam within 10 days of the exam.

Michael was suddenly and severely sick during the semester, causing him to miss 4 benchmarks. He used up his 4 allotted benchmark drops to cover them. Later in the semester, he does very poorly on a benchmark and wants one more drop to cover the bad score. What should he do?

Nothing - the drops are in place for situations such as his and he will not be given more.

When Marco explains to Maurice that he's taking a psychology course, Maurice asks if the behaviorist model is still the dominant model in psychology. Based on his knowledge from the "History of Psychology" reading, how would Marco respond?

Marco would say that behaviorism was the main framework in psychology for several decades, but that it ultimately fell out of favor because it did not consider the important topic of mental processes.

In Dr. Gosling's psychological study, participants are told before they start an experiment what is going to happen to them and asked to decide on that basis whether or not to participate. According to the "Why Science?" reading, this describes:

Informed consent

Which of the following is considered cheating in this course?

Using Al to answer question on the benchmarks.

At the end of the semester, Heather sees she has earned an incomplete in PSY 301 even though her points equated to an A. What could she have done to prevent this outcome?

She should have completed either five hours of experiments OR the reflection paper portfolio.

Jaque doesn't understand why the answer he gave for a benchmark question was marked as wrong. According to the syllabus, before submitting a benchmark query, he should:

make sure that NO MORE THAN A WEEK has passed SINCE the benchmark grades were released.

Catherine wants to go to med school so she really wants to get an A in PSY 301 to have a good GPA. At the end of the semester she is just a single point away! How can she earn extra credit?

None of these - there is no extra credit given in PSY 301.

Which of the following is an example of a passive learning strategy?

Re-reading your notes

Jocelyn is taking a class that utilizes frequent benchmark testing with rapid feedback. Based on the Psychology in the News segment of the "New Insights into Life and Learning" lecture, which of the following will BEST describe Jocelyn's experience with benchmark testing?

Jocelyn will remember the material longer because of the repeated retrieval and feedback.

Brandon received poor grades on his last history exam. According to the "Research-Based Study Tips" reading, which of the following MOST LIKELY explains why he did poorly?

Reviewed his notes and tested himself only on topics he was most familiar with

Marcus is a freshman who feels like he hasn't found his place socially. According to the "New Insights into Life and Learning" lecture, which of the following is the BEST response his mom could give him?

"Feeling lonely is common, and these feelings become less intense as you get more connected"

Which of the following is considered cheating in this course?

Isabella and Emma are on a Zoom call together discussing benchmark questions as they take it.

Dr. Ana wants her students to view critical feedback as encouragement to improve rather than as a sign that they cannot succeed. According to the "How to Motivate Students to Work Harder" article, what would be the BEST way for her to achieve this objective?

Leaving critical feedback that communicates her high expectations and belief that her students can meet them

According to the "New Insights into Life and Learning" lecture, which of the following BEST describes a self-regulated learner?

Julianna, who will regularly monitor the effectiveness of her study strategies after setting a specific goal

Kelsey is an incoming freshman who wants to practice a growth mindset to ensure success in college. According to the "How to Motivate Students to Work Harder" reading, which of the following statements would MOST LIKELY help her improve?

"Making mistakes means I need to work harder and find a new way to improve"

Yvette is a high school biology teacher. She is considering reorganizing her lectures to include time for small group discussions. According to the "New Insights into Life & Learning" lecture, which of the following BEST describes why she might be considering this?

So students who know the material well can explain it to others, allowing for more to understand the content.

A vicious squirrel has pounced on your head, causing a fight/flight response. Which of the following is associated with this response?

Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)

Meghan feels a rush of pleasure after getting likes on social media. According to the "Neurons" lecture, which neurotransmitter is MOST involved in this response?

Dopamine

Cami and her friends are challenging each other to see who can hold their breath underwater the longest. She won first because she held her breath for 57 seconds. According to the "Neurons and Neurotransmitters" Lecture, which part of the nervous system is MOST LIKELY used to help her hold her breath?

Somatic system

According to the "Biochemistry of Love" reading, which of the following people are MOST LIKELY to be equipped to cope with stress?

Poppy, who became close friends with her coworkers.

Kylan is viewing the beautiful sunset at Barton Springs. According to the "Neurons" reading, what type of neuron is MOST LIKELY helping him receive visual information about all the colors he's seeing?

Sensory neurons because his brain is processing information about the world around him

A neuron has reached the threshold of excitation, and an action potential fires. According to the "Neurons and Neurotransmitters" lecture, which part of the neuron is surrounded by a myelin sheath and conducts the action potential?

axon

According to the "Biochemistry of Love" reading, which of the following scenarios BEST illustrates the function of vasopressin?

A prairie vole patrols its territory when a rival enters

Sam is telling the truth during a lie detector test but becomes very nervous when questioned. According to the "What's Cooking in the Lab" segment of the "Neurons and Neurotransmitters" lecture, what could the test detect?

Whether Sam is experiencing physiological arousal.

Omar heard that some students in PSY 301 earn incompletes, and he'd really like to avoid this outcome. What should he do?

Make sure to complete either five hours of research experiments OR the reflection paper portfolio.

A store owner has been stacking only the left-hand side of the shelves in her store and leaving the other side empty. Based on what you learned in lecture today, you suspect she may have damage to her:

Parietal lobe

Marcus recently took a blood test and noticed that his testosterone levels came back as low. According to the "Hormones & Behaviors" reading, what behavior would MOST LIKELY be caused by low testosterone levels?

Diminished interest in sexual behaviors

Michael, a psychology teacher, is reviewing the topic of hormones with his students and would like to show the class an example demonstrating the effects of cortisol. According to the "Hormones & Behaviors" reading, which example would BEST illustrate this concept?

Michelle, who starts to panic after she missed the bus for school

According to the "The Brain and Nervous System" reading, which of the following BEST describes what the parietal lobe is responsible for?

Touch and taste

Christopher is learning about brain imaging for a study and would like to use Electroencephalography (EEG). According to the "Brain and Nervous System" reading, what is an advantage of using this technique?

It can determine when something occurred in the brain.

Rachel is completing a task that requires her to plan and organize a sequence of steps. She is having difficulty organizing and carrying out the plan. According to "The Brain and Nervous System" reading, which brain region is MOST likely contributing to this difficulty?

Frontal Lobe

Maria looks up at the sky and notices a strange looking cloud. According to the "Brain and Nervous System" reading, which division of the nervous system is MOST LIKELY used in processing this sensory information?

The central nervous system

Mariana falls and hits her head, resulting in damage to her right parietal lobe. As a result, she can only eat food from the right side of her plate. According to the "Brain and Hormones" lecture, which of the following conditions MOST LIKELY resulted from this injury?

She experienced unilateral neglect

Which of the following depth cues requires TWO eyes?

Retinal disparity

Two students view the same image of a dress. The wavelengths of light entering their eyes are the same, but one student sees white and gold while the other student sees blue and black. Based on the "Psychology in the News" section of the Sensation and Perception lecture, this example BEST illustrates:

Perception

According to the "Psychology in the News" section of the Sensation and Perception lecture, which of the following is TRUE about perceiving color across morning, afternoon, and evening?

We perceive colors as constant by adjusting for shifts in the light source.

Lizzie is organizing a community charity event. According to the "Time and Culture" reading, which is the BEST example of Lizzie taking a polychronic approach in the planning process?

She will begin a task, shift to another task, and then return to the original task.

Sarah decides to look really closely at a bug on a leaf. As she stares closer, Sarah can feel the muscles around her eyes straining when focusing. According to the "Sensation and Perception" lecture, which BEST describes the depth cue she is using?

Oculomotor cues

According to Weber's Law from the "Sensation and Perception" reading, in which scenario would a difference between two weights be EASIEST to identify?

Identifying the difference between 3 and 4 pound weights

Stanley was raised in a culture that follows clock time. He has to do laundry and meal prep on Sunday. According to the "Time and Culture" reading, which of the following is MOST LIKELY how Stanley will spend his day?

He will wake up at 8 am so he can begin laundry at 9 am and be done by 11 am. At 11:30 am, he will begin meal prep so he can be done by 3 pm.

Tara lives in the moment, rarely plans beyond the current day, and is constantly searching for excitement. She spends money immediately once receiving it, avoids planning, and often acts without considering future consequences. According to the "Time and Culture" reading, from what temporal frame does Tara LIKELY operate?

Present hedonistic

Jamie was in the hospital for one day and missed the first exam. According to the syllabus, what should he do?

Obtain documentation from Student Services within 10 days of the missed exam.

If a measure of a psychological construct is accurately measuring what it intends to measure than the measure is considered:

Valid

Monica is studying work-related stress in young professionals. According to the "Conducting Psychology Research in the Real World" reading, which approach would be BEST suited for Monica's study?

Prompt participants repeatedly during the day to report their current activities and stress.

Liam wants to measure how often parents express fear around their children. According to the "Who's in the Expert's Chair" segment of the "Research Methods I: Correlations" lecture, what is an advantage of recording families throughout their normal day?

It captures more naturally occurring family interactions

Stephanie is attempting to study the relationship between heart rate and exercise. To do this, she sets up an experiment in which she randomly assigns participants to three groups that receive different amounts of exercise and then records their heart rate. According to the "Research Design" reading, which choice BEST describes the DEPENDENT variable in this scenario?

The heart rate recorded after participants exercised

Brit wants to determine the correlation between the number of new restaurants opened each year and the pounds of strawberries produced in Texas annually. According to the "Research Methods I: Correlations" lecture and the Khan Academy "Correlation Coefficient" video, which of the following correlation coefficients signifies a WEAK relationship where the number of restaurants opened INCREASES as strawberry production INCREASES?

0.14

Avery, a graduate student, is examining how happiness changes over the course of four years in college. Avery decides to give the same group of undergraduate students a survey on happiness twice a year from their freshman year until their senior year. According to the "Research Designs" reading, Avery's research design is an example of a(n):

Longitudinal study, because it tracks the same group of people over time

Mauricio submitted a query about an RAS question but was told his query could not be addressed. According to the syllabus, what is the most likely reason that his query could NOT be addressed?

Mauricio sent in his query the SAME DAY that he took the RAS quiz.

Phoebe wants to perform a study to investigate how angry people get when driving to and from work. According to the "Research Methods 1: Correlations" lecture, which of the following would be the BEST operational definition for anger in Phoebe's study?

The number of times they curse or yell when driving

Orpheus sets up a study to measure the relationship between hours studied and exam score. He concludes that more hours spent studying directly CAUSES a higher exam score. According to the "Psychology in the News" segment of the "Research Methods I: Correlations" lecture, which of the following BEST describes why Orpheus' claim may not be justifiable?

A correlation only shows that two variables are related, not that one variable causes the other

Desi weighs himself on his bathroom scales. It tells him the same weight every time but it's actually overestimating his real weight by 5 pounds. His scales are:

Reliable but not valid

According to the "Research Methods II: The Experimental Method" lecture, which of the following research participants would MOST LIKELY be considered WEIRD?

Andrea, who is a college student in a rich Western democracy

Han is conducting a study on the effect of caffeine on the attention span of teenagers. He has 4 teenage subjects to participate in the experiment. According to the "Research Methods I!" lecture, which of the following BEST describes the effect of the sample size on Han's experiment?

He needs more participants for his results to be less likely to be due to chance.

Mary is conducting an experiment to determine whether caffeine consumption affects motivation. According to the "Research Methods II: The Experimental Method" lecture, which of the following BEST describes the INDEPENDENT variable?

The amount of caffeine participants consume.

When studying the relationship between amount of exercise and stress levels, Charles calculated a p-value of 0.002. According to the "Statistical Thinking" reading, which of the following is MOST LIKELY true about the relationship between the two variables?

There is a relationship between the amount of exercise and stress levels unlikely to be due to chance

A researcher is organizing a study of the effects of sugar intake on children's sleep quality. Based on the reading, "Statistical Thinking," which question BEST reflects the "Planning the Study" stage?

How were children recruited for the study?

Dr. Harden would like to determine how offspring react when separated from their primary caregivers. According to the "Research Methods II: The Experimental Method" lecture, which of the following is the BEST way Dr. Harden could ethically study this question?

Modify the study to test the experimental design on rats

Kofi wants to see how a certain drug affects heart rate throughout the day. He recruits participants from two clinics. Patients from one clinic receive a dose of the drug and the patients from the other clinic receive a sugar pill. According to the "Research Methods II: The Experimental Method" lecture and readings, what is the BEST way to modify the experiment to prevent confounding variables from influencing the study?

Randomly assign patients to pills based on the results of a coin flip.

In the video clip from The Office, Jim conditions Dwight to expect a mint when his computer reboots. From the perspective of classical conditioning, the Windows startup chime transitions from being the _____ to the _____.

Neutral stimulus; conditioned stimulus

Ethan becomes nervous whenever he hears the buzzer that signals the start of a difficult exam. Eventually, similar-sounding buzzers also make him nervous. According to the "Learning and Conditioning" lecture, Ethan's nervousness in response to similar buzzers is BEST classified as which of the following?

Conditioned Response

Ella regularly uses Drug C in her living room. According to the "Conditioning and Learning" reading, which situation would make Ella MOST vulnerable to overdose?

Ella taking her typical dose of Drug C at a new bar that just opened.

Derek and Meredith have 3 kids. They want to encourage their kids to clean up their toys after playtime. According to Thorndike's Law of Effect from the "Conditioning and Learning" reading, which strategy is MOST LIKELY to encourage their kids to clean up?

Praise them with kisses and hugs each time they clean up.

Riley, a first grader, observes his father saying "please" when asking for something. The next time Riley asks for a toy, he also says "please," just as he saw his father do. According to the "Conditioning and Learning" reading, which of the following BEST captures what happened in this scenario?

Observational Learning

Whenever Elena finishes all of her homework before dinner, her parents let her have her favorite dessert. Over time, Elena begins completing her homework before dinner more frequently. According to the "Learning and Conditioning" lecture, which aspect of learning BEST explains Elena's behavior?

Positive Reinforcement

Liam's cat has learned that the sound of the refrigerator opening means she will be fed. Later, Liam begins ringing a bell whenever he opens the refrigerator before feeding her, but the cat does not learn to respond to the bell. According to the "Conditioning and Learning" reading, which aspect of the learning process BEST explains why the cat did not learn to respond to the bell?

Blocking

Based on the "Psychology in the News" segment of the "Learning and Conditioning" lecture, who is MOST likely to be very active on social media?

Skyler, who likes to comment under celebrities' posts because he gets likes from other users.

The idea that your memory of an event can be shaped by information that comes AFTER the event is known as:

Retroactive interference

Dr. Wallace is preparing for a book talk at his university in a few days. According to the "Memory" lecture and reading, which of the following will BEST enhance his memory retrieval for the key points of his presentation?

Practicing the book talk every day in the same room that he will be presenting in

Zoe is introduced to a new classmate named Marcus before class begins. A moment later, her instructor asks her what the new student's name is, and Zoe is able to recall it. According to the "Memory" lecture and the "Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)" reading, what type of memory is Zoe MOST LIKELY using?

Short-Term Memory

According to "The Riddle of Experience vs. Memory" TED talk, which of the following people BEST reflects the "remembering self"?

Suzy, who avoids swings because she broke her arm on one when she was little.

During a conversation with her best friend, Katy believed her friend was mad. Later, her friend told her that she was actually feeling calm. According to the "Memory" lecture and the "Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)" reading, how is Katy MOST LIKELY to describe the original conversation when asked about it a few days later, if she is affected by retroactive interference?

She will describe her best friend as being at ease in the conversation

Jen is studying for a medical terminology quiz and needs to remember dozens of new vocabulary words. According to the "Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)" reading, which of the following methods would MOST LIKELY improve her memory?

Creating a unique patient scenario for each term.

According to the "Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)" Reading and the "Memory" Lecture, which scenario BEST represents the ENCODING stage of the memory process?

A kindergartener is learning how to spell their full name for the first time

Stacy's colleague asked her to pick up supplies for a presentation. Specifically, she was asked to bring a poster board, scissors, glue, glitter, colored paper, and stencils. If Stacy doesn't write the list down, according to the "Memory" lecture, which of the following items is she MOST LIKELY going to remember?

Poster Board

John Bowlby's observations of children returning to the "secure base" offered by their caregivers was central to later work on developmental theories of:

Attachment