pass to cell life cycle

passive transport

diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of its higher concentration to an area of its lower concentration

passive transport

does not require energy

simple, facilitated, osmosis

what are the types of passive transport?

simple diffusion

type of diffusion of dissolved solutes through the plasma membrane

simple diffusion

mostly for small or uncharged molecules

facilitated diffusion

type of diffusion that requires a protein carrier or protein channel

facilitated diffusion

usually for larger and/or charged molecules

osmosis

diffusion specific to water point across a selectively permeable membrane

osmosis

water goes to an area of high solute concentration

active transport

type of cell membrane transport that uses energy (ATP) provided by the cell

active transport

molecules move from low concentration to high concentration area

endocytosis, exocytosis

what are the types of active transport?

exocytosis

the bulk movement of substance out of the cell by fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane

exocytosis

for example, the secretory vesicles from the golgi apparatus is delivered outside of the cell

endocytosis

bulk movement of the substance into the cells by vesicles forming at the plasma membrane

endocytosis

vesicles at the membrane usually engulf substances and carry it inside

phagocytosis

give an example of endocytosis

phagocytosis

Cell-eating endocytosis

pseudopodia

are temporary arm-like extensions of the cytoplasm and cell membrane

pseudopodia

enclose the substance from outside the cell and forms a phagosome

pinocytosis

cell-drinking

sodium potassium pump

maintains membrane potential and cell volume by transporting sodium and potassium ions across the cell

interphase

longer phase of the cell cycle where the cell is active and preparing for cell division

gap 1, synthesis, gap 2

what are the stages of interphase

gap 1, 25 hrs

it is longest phase in interphase, and how long does it last?

synthesis, 8 hrs

the dna is being replicated, and how long does it take?

gap 2, 2 to 3 hrs

the cell is preparing for mitosis, and how long does it take?

cell division

cells arise from the division of other cells

mitosis

is a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter nuclei from the mother nucleus

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

what are the stages of mitosis

prophase

Each chromosome consists of two chromatids joined at the centromere

prophase

Chromosomes become visible and mitotic spindles are formed

metaphase

Chromosomes align at the center of the cell

prophase

the nucleus disappears

anaphase

Chromatids separate at the centromere and migrate to opposite poles

telophase

Two new nuclei assume normal structure

telophase

Marks the end of cell division, now with two daughter cells