IT Foundations D316

B

A new computer experiences a malfunction with a touch input device. A support engineer disassembles the computer to diagnose the problem. While troubleshooting which component would the technician find as a 9-pin header on the motherboard?

a) Power button

b) USB

c) Drive activity light

D) PSU main motherboard panel

D

A department within an organization would like to share a specific set of files with external users from a Windows 10 system. The users will need to save the files as well. Which solution does the systems administrator configure without needing to directly require Windows permissions?

A) SMB

B) NETBIOS

C) HTTP

D) FTPS

file transfer protocol secure

FTPS

FTPS

What is the following system?

encrypts the file transfers, ensuring data integrity and confidentiality. It allows for easy file sharing and enables external users to download and upload files to the Windows 10 system without relying on complex Windows permissions.

FTPS

extension of FTP and uses TLS to encrypt FTP traffic

HTTP

HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet

SMB

Server Message Block - a network file sharing protocol commonly used in Windows networks, but it typically requires Windows permissions to control access to shared files.

NETBIOS

networked basic input/output system - an older networking protocol that enables communication between computers on a local network, but it does not provide a file sharing mechanism.

C

An organization looks to harden email services. The systems administrator uses every possible option to help prevent SPAM and other anomalies. During the final stages of configuration, the systems administrator creates a policy with the Domain Name System (DNS) to handle authentication failures. Which record is being configured?

A) MX

B) SPF

C) DMARC

D) DKIM

MX

Mail Exchanger - a type of DNS (Domain Name System) record that specifies which mail server is responsible for receiving email messages addressed to a particular domain.

When someone sends an email to an address associated with a specific domain (e.g., example.com), the sender's email server queries the DNS to determine the appropriate mail server to deliver the message.

DMARC

Domain Message Authentication Reporting and Conformance - DNS-based email authentication protocol that helps prevent email spoofing and phishing attacks by allowing domain owners to specify policies for email authentication failures. It enables the domain owner to define what actions should be taken when an email fails authentication checks, such as SPF (Sender Policy Framework) and DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail).

SPF

Sender Policy Framework

An email authentication method designed to detect forging sender addresses during the delivery of the email.

DKIM

domain keys identified mail.

digitally sign your outgoing mail

validated by the mail server, not usually seen by the end user

put your public key in the DKIM TXT record

C

A company considers moving its infrastructure to the cloud. Management emphasizes the need to handle changes in resource usage in real time. Which feature fulfills this need?

A) Shared resources

B) High availability

C) Rapid Elasticity

D) Scalability

Shared resources

On a network, resources such as hardware, software, and data, made available for authorized users to share.

Rapid elasticity

storage, network bandwidth, and computing capacity can be increased or decreased immediately, allowing for optimal scalability

Scalability

the capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands

A

A company realizes that it needs to implement a management solution for mobile phones. Which solution is specific to the restriction of apps installed from a device's app store?

A) MAM

B) EMM

C) MOM

D) BYOD

MAM

Mobile Application Management - focuses on managing and securing applications on mobile devices. It enables organizations to enforce policies and restrictions on the apps installed on company-owned devices or devices used for work purposes. Has the ability to restrict app installations to specific sources.

EMM

Enterprise Mobility Management is a set of services and technologies designed to secure corporate data on employees' mobile devices.

True

True or False:

Mobile Operations Management (MOM) is not a commonly used term in the context of mobile device management or application management. It does not specifically address the restriction of app installations.

BYOD

Bring your own device - policy where employees use their personal devices for work purposes.

Software

Part of the computer system that consists of encoded information or computer instructions.

Hardware

The physical parts of a computer

Firmware

Provides control, monitoring and data manipulation of engineered products and systems

Device driver

A software program that provides the instructions your computer needs to communicate with a device, such as a scanner.

Basic Input Output System

What does BIOS stand for?

Soft Power

Front power button acts like a relay to initiate various power system changes depending on how long the button is held

Overclocking

Increasing the clock speed over the optimum speed determined by the manufacturer in an effort to increase performance.

BIOS and CPU

What two components need to support hardware-based virtualization in order to avoid software-based virtualization?

True

True or False:

When flashing a BIOS on a computer, an uninterrupted power supply is important.

Beep Code

A series of beeps from the computer's speaker that indicate a problem. The number, duration, and pattern of the beeps can sometimes tell you what component is causing the problem.

Motherboard

Computer component that contains all the circuitry that allows other computer parts to communicate with each other

ATX

Advanced Technology Extended - motherboards have the processor and memory slots at right angles to expansion slots and in line with the fan output of the power supply, allowing the processor to run cooler.

Micro ATX

A motherboard form factor smaller than but based on the ATX form factor.

ITX

Information Technology Extended - Motherboards that are developed at lower power - this has a small form factor for special uses such as home theater systems. This family of motherboards consists of Mini, Nano, Pico and Mobile models.

True

True or False:

A home theater system could be a use for an ITX motherboard system.

Chipset

A collection of chips that perform interface and peripheral functions for the processor. They can be divided up into two main functional groups: the northbridge and the southbridge.

Northbridge

One or more chips in a computer's chipset that controls communications between the CPU and RAM on the motherboard. It contains a frontside bus and may contain a backside bus as well.

Southbridge

A portion of a computer's chipset that is connected to the northbridge and responsible for providing support to slower on board peripherals (serial ports, PS/2, USB, etc.)

Frontside Bus

Is part of the Northbridge and it connects the CPU and the main memory. If a backside bus isn't present the frontside bus also contains a cache.

Backside bus

Is part of the Northbridge and it is a set of signal pathways that connect the CPU to the level 2 or level 3 cache memory.

Expansion Slots

Used to install various devices on the computer to extend its capabilities. Some expansions that could be installed are video cards, sound cards, networking cards, etc.

True

True or False:

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) slots are usually white and about 2 to 3 inches in length.

True

True or False:

PCI-Extended (or PCI-X) slots are primarily used for servers and while faster than PCI still lag behind PCIe slots in speed and suffers from the shared bus issue that PCI suffers from in that it falls back to the speed of the slowest inserted adapter.

True

True or False:

PCI-Express (or PCIe) slots are becoming very common to use because of how fast they are.

PCIex1 slot

Really small slot used for wireless cards.

Random Access Memory (RAM) or just memory

Contains the currently used data and instructions for the CPU.

False

True or False:

Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM) are not typical in modern computers.

Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM)

A memory module (stick) that installs into matching DIMM sockets found on many motherboards. The word "dual" refers to the separate pins or connections on both sides of the module and socket. (1)

True

True or False:

Small Outline DIMM (SODIMM) are typical in laptops and are smaller than DIMM.

Laptops

What type of devices are SODIMM (Small Outline DIMM) most commonly used in?

Modern Computers

What type of devices are DIMM most commonly used in?

Which packaging is used for DDR SDRAM?

184-pin DIMM

DDR2 and DDR3 SDRAM.

DIMMs with 240 pins are used for what types of RAM?

True

True or False:

DIMMS with 240 pins are used for DDR2 and DDR3 SDRAM.

True

True or False:

In desktop motherboards, the most commonly used pin counts are 168-pin, 184-pin, and 240-pin models.

232-pin.

How many pins to duel channel RIMM modules have?

True

True or False:

Duel channel RIMM models have 232-pins.

Parity Checking

Rudimentary error checking that usually works on a byte (8 bits) of data. Does not correct the problem.

Error Checking Correction (ECC)

This can check for single and double bit errors in code, but it can only correct single bit errors on the fly.

Registered (or Buffered) Memory Modules (RDIMMs)

Includes chips that act as buffers for signals and reduces the load placed on the memory controller.

Unregistered (or Unbuffered) Memory Modules (UIMMs)

No buffer is present in this form of memory.

True

True or False:

An example of UIMM models in memory is ECC memory.

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)

This is what the majority of people are talking about when they say RAM. They need a constant update (also called refresh) signal in order to keep the memory that is written there. It stores each bit of data within a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit.

Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)

Shares a clock signal with the computer's system bus clock. This ties the speed of the memory to the FSB eliminating the need to configure the CPU to wait for the memory to catch up.

Single Data Rate SDRAM (SDR SDRAM)

Transfers data on the rising edge of the clock only. Legacy hardware.

Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM)

Transfers data on the rising and the falling of the clock thus doubling the rate of transfer of the data.

True

True or False:

The peak voltage of DDR SDRAM is 2.5V.

True

True or False:

To calculate throughput, module to chip (or module to FSB) speed multiplied by 8 equals throughput. This is used in determining the naming process as the chips that go into making a PC1600 module are named DDR200. It's worth noting that motherboards that have a 333MHz may not have a corresponding PC2667 module. Instead you'll probably want to look for a PC2700 because it's a round number that looks better.

DDR2 SDRAM

Yet another advancement in technology designed to roughly double the performance of DDR SDRAM. A DDR2-400 chip corresponds to a PC2-3200 module. Note that it is still 8 times 400 to calculate the 3200. We rely on the PC2 to indicate that is DDR2 memory.

True

True or False:

The peak voltage of DDR2 SDRAM is 1.8V.

DDR3 SDRAM

Yet another generation of devices meant to double the performance of DDR2 SDRAM. DDR3-400 would then correspond to a PC3-3200 module in order to maintain the convention. Remember that DDR3 has quadruple the performance of DDR memory though. The 3 is not a multiplier but a revision mark.

True

True or False:

The peak voltage of DDR3 SDRAM is 1.5V.

Static Random Access Memory (SRAM)

Doesn't require a refresh signal like DRAM does. SRAM is considerably faster though and is traditionally used for caches. It is quite a bit more expensive than DRAM. This is a type of semiconductor memory.

Read Only Memory (ROM)

in the original form of this memory it could not be written to. This is usually used to store the computer's BIOS.

Programmable ROM (PROM)

This is a form of ROM that could be programmed once in a special machine, but once it would programmed it could never be written to again.

False

True or False:

In Programmable ROM (PROM), the ROM can be programmed many times in many machines. it can also be written to multiple times once programmed.

Erasable PROM (EPROM)

type of ROM that can be programmed more than once using ultraviolet (UV) light.

Originally needed UV light to erase it, but it has since been replaced by flash memory that can be erased with a slightly larger than normal electrical pulse.

Hyper-Threading Technology (HTT)

Uses simultaneous multithreading (SMT) to improve parallelization of computations (doing multiple tasks at once) on processors. Operating system must support SMT to take advantage of this.

Multicore

Is a single processing unit with two or more processing dies on a single unit. This is viewed the processor the same way processors in multiple sockets are viewed. As with HTT, the computer needs to support SMT in order to take advantage of multicore processing. It reads and executes multiple instructions at the same time when supported.

Land Grid Array (LGA)

a system wherein the central processing unit is flat on the back and the pin are located on the motherboard.

D

Which type of virtualization refers to any solution designed to run on ordinary desktops or workstations?

A) Server-side virtualization

B) Application Virtualization

C) Container Virtualization

D) Client-Side virtualization

B

A technician builds a spare computer with an older motherboard and purchases a new modular power supply. What type of P1 motherboard connector will the power supply most likely provide?

A) 9-pin

B) 20-pin

C) 8-pin

D) 20+4 pin

B and C

A universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) port was traditionally a physical serial port in a legacy system. In a modern mobile device, how can a UART be utilized? (Select all that apply.)

A) Wi-FI

B) Bluetooth

C) USB

D) Ethernet

C

While troubleshooting a user's computer that has no power, the technician eliminated these possible causes: power supply, cabling, wall socket, and connection issue. Therefore, which of the following could be the problem?

A) Faulty CPU

B) Corrupted BIOS

C) Faulty Motherboard

D) Corrupted Boot sector

A

A systems administrator looks to control HTTP requests from client computers based on the time of day. What type of service does the administrator deploy when configuring clients in a non-transparent manner?

A) Load balancer

B) proxy server

C) unified threat management

D) embedded system

D

When upgrading the RAM on multiple standardized laptops, what is the most important factor to consider to ensure compatibility with the existing hardware?

A) Number of pins

B) HOD size

C) AC Adapter power rating

D) DDR version

A

An engineer investigates a new unified threat management appliance to replace an aging firewall. Which website browsing feature can the engineer expect the appliance to have?

A) content filtering

b) data loss prevention

c) workflow automation

d) load balancing

B

A support firm installs and configures network access control systems for organizations. This includes implementing the security mechanisms for local and remote computers to authenticate with an internal server system. A switch is put in place on the edge of the. network to protect the server and protect against unauthorized traffic. What role does the switch play in implementation?

A) Supplicant

B) Network Access Server

C) AAA

D) RADIUS

A and B

A technician troubleshoots a motherboard issue. What the tech discovers is chip creep with a serial ATA (SATA) connector. What is the issue? (Select all that apply)

A) Changing temperature

B) Dust and dirt

C) Electrostatic discharge

D) Capacitor swelling

C and D

Which of the following solutions can address occasional overheating in a system positioned safely away from other objects by promoting airflow to cool down the internal components? (Select all that apply.)

A) Add more RAM

B) Check the motherboard

C) Install a new system fan

D) Use blanking plates

A

A printer technician troubleshoots a lazer printer and determines that the exposing stage of the print job is the issue with print jobs printing incorrectly. What does the technician suspect is happening?

A) The imaging drum is not properly losing its charge.

B) The OS driver is improperly encoding the page in a page description language.

C) The imaging drum is not being conditioned by the primary change roller.

D) The toner is not being fed evenly onto a magnetized developer roller.

B

What is a class of management software designed to apply security policies to the use of mobile devices and apps in the enterprise?

A) Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP)

B) Enterprise Mobility Management (EMM)

C) Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

D) Mobile Device Synchronization (sync)

A, C, and D

A user complains about a faulty network connection on a laptop. A technician traces the Ethernet cable in the office to a direct connection in a 16-port smart switch. While investigating the switch's activity, it becomes apparent that port flapping is occurring. What does the tech troubleshoot as a possible cause? (Select all that apply.)

A) Bad cabling

B) latency

C) Faulty port

D) Interference

B

An engineer plans a new wireless infrastructure rollout. The requirement is for access points that use 48V of power and 13 watts. Which specific standard does the engineer implement?

A) 802.3at

B) 802.3af

C) 802.3bt

D) 802.3

C

A user complains that a computer is too slow when opening numerous applications. A technician suggests purchasing a new computer that features CMP capabilities to handle the user's workload. Which statement describes the technician's suggestion?

A) A single execution unit and a set of registers for processes

B) A multi-socket motherboard for multiple CPUs

C) Multiple processing cores combined in the same package

D) Multiple parallel thread capability within a process

D

A company plans on live-streaming a company-wide meeting once a month. Engineers prepare the network equipment to allow the traffic. Which protocol is normally used for such a task?

A) TCP

B) IP

C) DHCP

D) UDP

D

A technician plans an upgrade for several company laptops with new internal storage devices. The requirement is that the new devices interface with a PCI Express bus. What type of device does the technician use?

A) uSATA

B) mSATA

C) SATA

D) M.2

B

A user contracts a printer technician to report that every print job sent to a laser printer has lines of toner in the same location on every page that is printed. What does the technician suggest may need cleaning or replacing?

A) Toner

B) Drum

C) Fuser

D) Pins