L MC

What is the common name of a simple chordate that resembles a sessile jellyfish; AKA “tunicate”?

sea squirt

What camouflage technique takes advantage of the sun casting shadows on lower surfaces?

countershading

What tissue arrangement increases the surface area of the short intestines of sharks?

spiral valve

What is the order name of frogs and toads?

Anura

Descriptive of organisms like some sharks that give 'birth' to young after hatching eggs internally?

Ovoviviparous

What is the common posterior opening for the reproductive, excretory and digestive systems of some chordates?

cloaca

What is the semi-hard substance comprising the skeletal system of Chondrichthyes?

cartilage

What is the passageway for air interconnecting the inner ear and the oral cavity?

Eustachian tube

What process where lysosomal action contributes to the reuse of body parts such as a tadpole’s tail?

autodigestion

What type of scale specializes in becoming shark teeth?

placoid

Which of the following describes the correct classification of hagfish and lampreys?

Both are members of Class Agnatha

How does a shark decrease its depth (move towards the surface) in the ocean?

Lashing its caudal fin

Which fish have larvae?

Agnathans

The lateral line of a fish is a feature of its nervous system; what is it sensitive to?

Water pressure

The parasitic lifestyle of lamprey is evidenced by their?

toothed sucker mouths.

What does olfaction allow a fish to detect?

Chemicals in the water

Which of the following is TRUE of a swim bladder?

Contains gases for buoyancy

What is the usual sequence of fish fins (anterior to posterior)?

pectoral – pelvic – anal – caudal

What is the function of an operculum?

Prevent water from entering gills

What protects the delicate inner organs of an Osteichthyes?

Ribs

How does a lungfish get its oxygen?

Swallowing air across its gills

What are the TRUE stages of tadpole metamorphosis into adulthood?

Gills develop into lungs, fat becomes stored in extensions from the digestive system, the skin becomes vascularized (equipped with blood vessels) - Exactly three.

Which statement is the MOST ACCURATE regarding a diaphragm in a frog?

Absent

Which line correctly identifies what passes through these openings in a frog’s mouth?

Eustachian tube (air) Gullet (food) Glottis (air)

Which line contains a correct set of features of a tadpole and a frog?

Tadpole (gills) Frog (lungs)

What adaptation of birds and reptiles allowing them to reproduce without a dependency on water?

amniotic egg

What is the grinding organ in the digestive system of a bird?

gizzard

What is the internal wall of a structure separating it into parts; also present in earthworms?

septum

What is the order name in which the most primitive mammals are classified? These ones lay eggs?

protheria

What is the partially hard and partially soft structure separating the oral from the nasal passageway?

palate

What organisms that generate their own body heat from metabolic activities?

endotherms

What is descriptive of organisms that walk on two feet?

bipedal

What is the largest part of the brain; where thought processes occur?

cerebrum

What is the uterine tissue comprised of maternal and embryonic blood vessels?

placenta

What is the common name of the rare lizard-like reptile native to New Zealand?

tuatara

Which line correctly associates a reptile with its order name?

Reptile (turtle) Order name (chelonia)

What is the location and function of a palate?

Mouth separating air passageway from food passageway.

Which set of animals has a palate?

rattlesnake, box turtle, woodpecker

How many membranes separate an embryo from the eggshell of an amniotic egg?

Two

How many of the following are TRUE of a pear-shaped uterus?

Allows for the development of large embryos and allows for longer periods of gestation (fetal development) - Exactly two.

How many attributes are ONLY TRUE for mammals?

Hair and suckle their young - Exactly three.

Where are the functional mammary glands of kangaroos?

In the pouches of the females.

Which of the following BEST describes the function of a placenta?

Provides a fetus with oxygen and nutrients.

Of what is the horn of a rhinoceros composed?

Hair.

Identify the correct dentition pattern.

Artiodactyla – lack canine teeth.

Which of the following animals is NOT a marsupial?

Raccoon.

How many of the following are endotherms?

All four (Whale, Penguin, Platypus, Kangaroo)