FA 4 - CS0019 || CANVAS

Which option is most appropriate for a specially formatted ASCII report?

A random sampling rule

axis square

plot3 only

Low-level output using fprintf

Low-level output using fprintf

A LineSpec may specify which combination?

Input, output, and error estimate

Mean, variance, and distribution

Color, line type, and marker

Filename, directory, and extension

Color, line type, and marker

If 7,850 of 10,000 random points fall inside a unit quarter circle, the estimate of pi is:

0.785

31.4

3.14

7.85

3.14

What does error estimation describe in a Monte Carlo study?

Only computer storage space

Statistical error as a function of run count and other parameters

The exact deterministic answer

The spelling errors in source code

Statistical error as a function of run count and other parameters

Why must each line have the same number of values for the basic load approach?

Different rows would change the filename

MATLAB requires every file to be a square

The data must form a rectangular matrix

The command reads only strings

The data must form a rectangular matrix

Why is a grid helpful in a 3D visualization?

It converts the plot to ASCII

It generates random samples

It calculates simulation error

It improves spatial interpretation of plotted values

It improves spatial interpretation of plotted values

Sensitivity analysis reveals that one input has almost no effect on output. A reasonable model-improvement decision is to:

Increase its complexity automatically

Stop validating the model

Consider simplifying its representation

Delete all influential inputs

Consider simplifying its representation

Why does Monte Carlo simulation produce a statistical description of model output?

It computes only one exact answer

Each run uses randomly sampled input values

It eliminates all model uncertainty

Every run uses identical inputs

Each run uses randomly sampled input values

Which MATLAB function is another way to export a numeric array as a delimited file?

dlmwrite

xlabel

input

bar3

dlmwrite

Which sequence correctly creates a basic 2D function plot?

Use load without defining data

Call zlabel, then save the file

Define x, compute y=f(x), then call plot(x,y)

Call title, then define x only

Define x, compute y=f(x), then call plot(x,y)

Which command labels the horizontal axis?

ylabel

legend

zlabel

xlabel

xlabel

Why identify the inputs with the greatest influence on output?

To guarantee all inputs are equally important

To prioritize research and model refinement

To eliminate the model output

To avoid defining input bounds

To prioritize research and model refinement

Which statement accurately describes a key limitation of Monte Carlo results?

They cannot be generated by computers

They approximate true values rather than guarantee exact values

They require no sampling

They are always deterministic constants

They approximate true values rather than guarantee exact values

What does axis equal do?

Creates a square data matrix

Adds equal labels to every point

Forces x and y data to be identical

Uses equal scale factors on both axes

Uses equal scale factors on both axes

When save writes a character array to an ASCII file, it writes:

A probability distribution

ASCII equivalents of the characters

Only the variable name

A 3D surface

ASCII equivalents of the characters

Which component prescribes how values are drawn from probability distributions?

File extension

Plot title

Scoring method

Sampling rule

Sampling rule

Which function labels the third axis of a 3D plot?

grid

title

zlabel

ylabel

zlabel

Which MATLAB option writes a numeric array as delimited ASCII data?

plot3

menu

zlabel

save with the -ascii qualifier

save with the -ascii qualifier

Derivative-based sensitivity analysis is most defensible without wider exploration when the system is:

Highly nonlinear with thresholds

Discontinuous everywhere

Undefined

Linear

Linear

What occurs immediately after random inputs are generated in the four-step Monte Carlo process?

The final result is reported without computation

The model is deleted

All distributions are replaced by constants

A deterministic computation is performed using them

A deterministic computation is performed using them

Which function plots points using x, y, and z coordinate vectors?

plot

dlmwrite

bar

plot3

plot3

Which component combines individual-run results into a final result?

Scoring method

Input prompt

Axis scaling

Random-number seed only

Scoring method

Which statement best defines sensitivity analysis?

Selecting a plot marker color

Saving an array as ASCII

Studying how output uncertainty is assigned to input uncertainty sources

Computing only the average input

Studying how output uncertainty is assigned to input uncertainty sources

Which field is identified as an application area of Monte Carlo simulation?

Keyboard configuration only

Finance and project management

Document pagination only

Grammar correction only

Finance and project management

Which command reads a compatible numeric text file into MATLAB?

title

hold on

legend

load

load

What is the purpose of hold on when adding another curve?

Close the active figure

Preserve the current axes and plot additional data

Rotate a 3D plot

Overwrite the data file

Preserve the current axes and plot additional data

Which problem is especially suitable for Monte Carlo simulation?

Displaying one known constant

Formatting a fixed text file

Renaming a MATLAB variable

Estimating risk when several inputs are uncertain

Estimating risk when several inputs are uncertain

For a nonlinear model, which plan best addresses the local nature of derivatives?

Ignore input uncertainty

Use a derivative at one point as globally conclusive

Evaluate sensitivity at multiple relevant operating points

Run only the deterministic mean case

Evaluate sensitivity at multiple relevant operating points

What does a MATLAB diary file record?

Keystrokes and resulting text output

Only probability densities

Compiled C++ code exclusively

Only 3D coordinates

Keystrokes and resulting text output

Which command adds a title to a plot?

load

plot3

dlmwrite

title

title

Before sampling an uncertain input, what must the modeler define?

Its exact future value

A queue discipline

A 3D viewing angle

Its probability distribution

Its probability distribution

What is the final step of the four-step Monte Carlo process?

Convert every output to text

Aggregate individual-run results

Remove random values

Choose only the largest input

Aggregate individual-run results

Which command identifies plotted data series by name?

legend

load

axis square

xlabel

legend

Why does the geometric estimate of pi generally improve with more points?

Randomness disappears completely

The true value of pi changes

The square becomes smaller

The sampled area proportion tends to stabilize

The sampled area proportion tends to stabilize

Monte Carlo simulation originated during the 1940s in work associated with:

MATLAB file export

Airport queue design

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Spreadsheet plotting

Los Alamos National Laboratory

In the geometric estimation of pi, random points are generated within:

A text file containing characters

A queue containing servers

A square containing a quarter-circle arc

A three-dimensional bar chart

A square containing a quarter-circle arc

Why are many simulation runs often required?

To remove the need for distributions

To turn an approximation into symbolic algebra

To guarantee every input is identical

To reduce sampling uncertainty and stabilize estimates

To reduce sampling uncertainty and stabilize estimates

What happens when save writes to an existing file as described in the module?

The file is overwritten from the beginning

The old file becomes a plot

New data are always appended

Only the filename changes

The file is overwritten from the beginning

Which is an advantage of Monte Carlo simulation?

It requires no input model

It always returns an exact closed form

It can provide approximate solutions to difficult numerical problems

It needs only one sample

It can provide approximate solutions to difficult numerical problems

Which function creates a three-dimensional bar chart?

bar3

plot

stem

bar

bar3

What is a major limitation of derivative-based sensitivity analysis?

It always evaluates the whole input space

Its conclusions are local to the point where derivatives are computed

It is valid only when no equations exist

It cannot be computed efficiently

Its conclusions are local to the point where derivatives are computed

In the Monte Carlo estimate of pi, which ratio is central to the calculation?

Points inside the quarter circle divided by total points in the square

Circle diameter divided by random seed

Points outside the square divided by all points

Number of plots divided by number of files

Points inside the quarter circle divided by total points in the square

A data file has rows with unequal numbers of numeric values. Based on the module, what is the best conclusion?

Basic load is not suitable without restructuring the data

plot3 should be used to read it

save -ascii will repair it during reading

load will automatically invent missing values

Basic load is not suitable without restructuring the data

Which MATLAB function produces a two-dimensional bar chart?

zlabel

bar3

bar

plot3

bar

A manager uses only 10 runs and obtains unstable estimates. What is the best response?

Increase the number of runs and examine convergence

Delete the error estimate

Report the first run only

Replace all random inputs with zero

Increase the number of runs and examine convergence

A Monte Carlo script must save run outputs, reload them, and inspect their distribution visually. Which workflow best integrates the module skills?

Use zlabel to generate random numbers

Save the numeric results, load the rectangular data, then create labeled 2D or 3D plots

Use axis square instead of performing simulation runs

Create a title, delete the outputs, then run one deterministic case

Save the numeric results, load the rectangular data, then create labeled 2D or 3D plots

What does axis square do?

Makes the plot box square

Saves the figure as ASCII

Converts a 2D plot to 3D

Makes every data value equal

Makes the plot box square