renaisssance 😧 😮

historia M14 LSS 1 & 2

Renaissance

an explosion of creativity in art, writing, and thought in northern Italy from 1300–1600.

Shifts in Society

• smaller population=higher standard of living

• more schools and universities

• creation of middle class

New Sources of Knowledge

texts of classical Greece fled to Italy and then were translated into Latin.

New Technology

Western Europeans learned how to make paper, growth in libraries, and development of printing.

A Changing Political Landscape

Europe experienced a period of peace.

Economic Factors

crusaders started trading, growth in city-states in northern Italy, economy was disrupted in result of the bubonic plague.

Political Factors

urban nobility married with commercial families, they established independent bases in Italian cities.

Venice

Grew into international powerhouse because of trade during the crusades which brought wealth to city

Milan

Became a center of manufacturing, experienced artistic creativity and public building.

Naples

independent city-state until the 1130s, was disrupted a series of invasions, the Angevin dynasty

Florence

Famous for coming under the rule of one of the powerful banking families, the Medici. Had a republican form of government.

Rome

In 1143 became a self-governing city with a republican constitution. It was a commune city, which means everyone share everything.

Patron

a financial supporter of artists, being church leaders or wealthy merchants.

Renaissance Man

a man that excels in many fields: the classics, art, politics, combat. “The Courtier“

Renaissance Woman

a woman that excels in many fields, expected to inspire art but not create it, like Isabella d’Este.

perspective

a technique that consisted a way to realistically show three dimensions on a canvas.

Michelangelo Buonarroti

artist, architect, engineer, writer and sculptor. Made “David”, “Moses”, “La Pietá”…

Raphael Sanzio

famous for painting the many versions of “Madonnas“, also for painting “School of Athens“.

Donatello

sculpted the first self standing in bronze (David)

Sandro Boticelli

painted “Birth of Venus“.

Leonardo da Vinci

renaissance man painter, sculptor, inventor, scientist.

Sofonisba Anguisola

was the first female to be recognized as a painter, known for her portraits of her sisters and prominent people such as King Philip II and his daughters.

Artemisia Gentileschi

a woman that painted strong, heroic women of the Bible.

Filippo Brunelleshi

famous architect for his domes, brought linear perspective to his works.

Andrea Palladio

built a lot of villas and palaces and wrote the first book of architects rules.

Francesco Petrarch

poet famous for his sonnets (14-line poems) that were usually about a woman he secretly loved.

vernacular

mother language, language that Renaissance writers usually used to write their works.

Giovanni Boccaccio

wrote tales instead of poetry, wrote “The Decameron“ that mainly criticized the government and society and in return received criticism bc of spicy themes.

Niccolo Machiavelli

wrote “The Prince“, a political book inspired in Lorenzo Medici’s governing tactics and how rulers can gain and keep power.

Victoria Colonna

was the first recognized female writer, and exchanged some sonnets with Michelangelo.

secular

worldly rather than spiritual

Cosimi de Medici

founded a powerful banking dynasty

Lorenzo de Medici

generous patron of the arts who collected many rare manuscripts

humanism

intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievement

courtier

member of the king's court

Baldassare Castiglione

wrote “The Courtier”, which was a guide book on how to be a Renaissance Man.

off-color

uses a strong vocabulary for written explicit scenes