CAT theory grade 10 exam

What is an ICT

The overall setup, consisting of hardware, software, data and the people that use it

What does ICT stand for

Information and Communication Technology

How does the check out computer manipulate the data

It calculates the data to determine the total cost and works out change to give to customer

How does the check out computer transmit the data

The information is displayed on a small screen and a till receipt is printed with the items and cost

What is data

unprocessed information in the form of text, words, numbers or symbols

What is information

Data processed into a meaningful context

What is the G.I.G.O. principle

garbage in, garbage out- a bad input will result in a bad output

What are the 5 stages in the ICT cycle

1. Input

2. Processing

3.Output

4.Storage (optional)

5.Communication

What are the 4 things that make a computer work

1.Input

2.Storage

3.Processing

4.Output

What is hardware

The physical components of a computer

What is software

The apps or programs that instructs a computer on what to do

What are computers

Electronic devices that receive data, manipulate it and turn it into useful info before storing it or sending it somewhere

What is a multi purpose device

The types of computers with an operating system that can run multiple applications at the same time

What is a dedicated device

The devices that can only run one task

Where is a workstation used

Computer Aided Design (CAD). Engineering/medicine

Where are desktops used

Schools (research and projects) entertainment

Where are laptops used

Office or home (daily task or work)

Where are tablets used

Home (domestic use) or school (study material, projects, entertainment)

Where are smartphones used

Browse internet, make phone calls, take photos

Examples of dedicated devices

ATMS, DVD players, Drones, MP3 players

Name economic benefits of a computer

Saving paper, accuracy, efficiency

What is an operating system

The system software that allows a user to communicate with a computer

What does the GUI consist of

Windows, icons and menus

What does GUI stand for

Graphical User Interface

What is the desktop

The main screen of the GUI and contains icons on the screens

What is a window

Used to display the contents of a application which the user can view and interact. It shows information of each file, applications or folder on a separate window on the screen

What is a toolbar

A set of icons at the top of a window that can be clicked on to perform functions

What is windows explorer

A GUI component available in Microsoft Windows that allows users to aces, edit copy delete and manage files stored on a computer or mobile device

What is "THIS PC" in file manager

It gives you information about the different storage disks, external hard drives, or hard disks on a computer

What is a file path

Shows the location of where a file, web page or other item is located on the computer

Look at this example of a file path

C:\Music\Beethoven\Moonlight.mps

What is each section called

C:\ (Drive letter)

Music (Folder)

Beethoven (subfolder)

Moonlight (file name)

MPs (extension)

What are text files

Plain text (has no special formatting like fonts, sizes or images)

What are Rich text files

Files with bold, italic or font colour

What are extensions for document files

.doc .docx .odt

Which apps open document files

Microsoft word, Google docs and Libreoffice

Which app opens text files

Notepad

What are the most common lock document extensions

.pdf (portable document format) and .epub (E-PUB)

what are web pages

A computer file that relates to websites and web servers

Which extension are for web pages

.html .htm

What are 2 main file extensions for archives

.zip .rar .7z

What are the 3 main file extensions for presentations

.ppt .pptx .odp

What are 3 main extensions for spreadsheets

.xls .xlsx .ods

What are the 5 main formats to store graphics

.bmp

.gif

.jpg/ .jpeg

.png

.tiff

What do they all stand for

bmp (bitmap image)

.gif (graphics interchange format)

.jpg/ .jpeg (joint photographic experts group)

.png (portable network graphic)

.tiff(tagged image file format)

What are 2 animation file formats

.gif

.swf

Exapmples of codecs

DivX and XviD

What is a container

A set of Files that stored information about the digital file

What are 4 sound file formats (and abbreviations)

.aac (Advanced Audio Coding)

.flacc(free lossless audio codec)

.mp3(moving pictures experts group layer 3 audio'

.wma (Microsoft windows media audio)

What app opens a pdf

Adobe Acrobat

How do you create a shortcut

1.right click the .exe file

2.select send to:

3.click on desktop (create shortcut)

What is the clipboard

A memory space on the computer where data or graphics that are copied or cut are temporarily stored

What can compressed files be referred to as

Archived or zipped

What do ports do

They a

Own computers to connect with different types of hardware like a keyboard, mouse or monitor

What do USB ports connect

Smartphones, flash drives, external hard drives

What do VGA ports connect

Monitors and data projectors

What do DVI ports connect

Moniters

What do HDMI ports connect

Monitors, data projectors and gaming consoles

What do 3.5mm ports connect

Audio devices like speakers headphones and microphones

What do Ethernet ports connect

Network devices like a switch or router

What do RJ-11 ports connect

Internet router to a telephone lime

What is a monitor aka

A VDU (visual display unit)

What is screen resolution measured in

Pixels (picture element)

List the amount of storage capacity in smallest to biggest

Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes

What 3 main things do we consider when looking at a storage device

Storage capacity, storage speed and reliability

What is an internal hard drive

Found inside computer systems with high speed and storage capacity.

What is an external hard drive

A portable, non volatile attached by usb or wirelessly

What is an SD card

Small storage devices used in smartphones and cameras for extra storage

What is an SSD

Solid State drive that doesn't have any moving parts, similar to a CPU with little transistors. Stores data and can be used in some laptops to transfer data

What is a flash drive

Portable devices connected to a computer through a USB port, transfers file form computer to computer

Which storage devices hold up to 2TB

Internal HDD, Portable HDD and Flash drive

How many TB can a SSD hold

Up to 4 TB

How much storage capacity does a SD card have

Up to 512 GB But can do 1TB

List examples of green computing

-computer going to "sleep" after being on for a long time

-improved CPU architecture allows less electricity, more power

What are RFID readers

Radio Frequency Identification Readers that uses radio waves for automatically identify and track tags attached to objects

What does VoIP stand for

Voice over Internet protocol

What is a retina scanner

Uses the unique patterns pm a users retina blood vessels to identify a user

What are the 2 types of data projectors

1. liquid crystal display (LCD) projectors

2.digital light processing (DLP) projectors

What are the storage sizes for CC, DVD and Blu-ray

CD- Up to 0.9 GB

DVD- Up to 9.7 GB

Blu-Ray- Up to 50 GB

What is the motherboard

A large printed circuit board connecting all the different components in a computer like the CPU and RAM

What is the CPU

Central Processing Unit, responsible for receiving and carrying out computer instructions

What is the speed of a CPU measured in

Gigahertz (GHz)

How many hertz is one gigahertz equal to

100 million hertz

What is RAM

Random Access Memory used to store programs and data used by the CPU in real tiem

What is ROM

Read Only Memory, used when a computer starts up, Non volatile

What is application software

Allows you to perform talks such as playing games and creating spreadsheets

What is system software

Includes the operating system and other software that controls and manages the operation of the computer

What is an example of an office suite

Microsoft office, Google g-suite

Internet Browser

Chrome, firefox

Movie player

Windows media player, VLC

presentations

PowerPoint

Word processsor

Microsoft word

Antivirus

McAfee, windows defender

Designing and graphics

Adobe photoshop

How does system software manage the flow of data

-translates instructions from, software to a language hardware can understand

-allows different applications to speak to each other

Examples of operating systems

Microsoft Windows,Android , Mac OS

Examples of device drivers

Drivers for mouse, keyboard, sound card, printer

Examples of firmware

Operation software embedded within a flash drive, DOM or EPROM

Examples of utility software

Antivirus and security software, firewall, screensaver

What is a menu

A horizontal bar with drop down menus

What is a navigation bare /pane

A set of buttons or graphics in a row that allow you to click on an option to give you more information