UE Arthrokinematics

Shoulder flexion

Convex humeral head spins posteriorly on concave glenoid fossa

Shoulder extension

Convex humeral head spins anteriorly on concave glenoid fossa

Shoulder abduction

Convex humeral head glides inferiorly and rolls superiorly on the concave glenoid fossa

Shoulder adduction

Convex humeral head glides superiorly and rolls inferiorly on the concave glenoid fossa

Shoulder IR

Convex humeral head glides posteriorly and rolls anteriorly on the concave glenoid fossa

Shoulder ER

Convex numeral head glides anteriorly and rolls posteriorly on the concave glenoid fossa

Horizontal abduction

Convex humeral head glides anteriorly and rolls posteriorly on the concave glenoid fossa

Horizontal adduction

Convex humeral head glides posteriorly and rolls anteriorly on the concave glenoid fossa

Humeroulnar flexion

Concave trochlear notch of ulna glides anterior/superior on convex trochlea of humerus

Humeroulnar extension

Concave trochlear notch of ulna glides posterior/inferior on convex trochlear notch of humerus

Humeroradial flexion

Concave radial head glides anterior/superior on convex capitulum

Humeroradial extension

Concave radial head glides posterior/inferior on convex capitulum

Forearm supination/pronation

Convex radial head spins within the annular ligament and the concave radial notch of ulna

Radiocarpal flexion

Convex proximal row of carpals glides posteriorly on the concave radius

Radiocarpal extension

Convex proximal row of carpals glides anteriorly on concave radius

Radiocarpal ulnar deviation

Convex proximal row of carpals glides towards radial side on concave radius

Radiocarpal radial deviation

Convex proximal row of carpals glides towards the ulnar side of concave radius

MCP/PIP/DIP flexion

Distal concave surface glides anteriorly on proximal convex surface

MCP/PIP/DIP extension

Distal concave surface glides posteriorly on the proximal convex surface