EPS 7 Homework #9

What chemical formula most accurately describes the burning of natural gas?

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

Which of the following is not a leading source of anthropogenic methane emissions?

burning natural gas

Which way do storms move in the continental United States?

from west to east

What book is credited with kicking off the U.S. environmental movement in 1962?

Rachel Carson's Silent Spring

What is the current radiative forcing from the extra CO2 that is currently in the atmosphere?

2 W/m2

The IPCC was founded in__________ and issued its first assessment report in______

1988 and 1990

What motivated the formation of the International Meteorological Organization, later renamed the World Meteorological Organization, in the 1800s?

all of the other answers:

invention of the telegraph

large size of storms compared to european countries

a desire to make weather forecasts

Methane in the atmosphere oxidizes to CO2 on what timescale?

10 yrs

The objective of the IPCC assessment reports is to

summarize the state of climate science

An extra molecule of CH4 in the atmosphere causes ______ an extra molecule of CO2 in the atmosphere.

more warming than

The IPCC stands for

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

The IPCC was founded by

WMO and UNEP

If we hold the concentrations of greenhouse gases constant at the levels anticipated in 2100 for the RCP8.5 scenario, roughly how much globally averaged warming would we get if we waited long enough?

8 K

Taken altogether, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and halocarbons are responsible for how much radiative forcing?

1.0 W/m2

Which of these is an example of a halocarbon?

CF2Cl2

What is the chemical formula for ozone?

O3

Which of the following is required for forming ozone in smog?

all of the other answers:

sunlight

volatile organic compounds

NOx

What is the primary source of anthropogenic nitrous oxide?

agriculture

Which of these is an example of a NOx?

NO2

Halocarbons were initially phased out by international law because

they generated the ozone hole

If we hold the concentrations of greenhouse gases constant at the levels anticipated in 2100 for the RCP4.5 scenario, roughly how much globally averaged warming would we get if we waited long enough?

4 K

What is the chemical formula for nitrous oxide?

N2O

Aerosol spray cans are responsible for how much radiative forcing?

0 W/m2

If we hold the concentrations of greenhouse gases constant at the levels anticipated in 2100 for the RCP4.5 scenario, roughly how much land warming would we get if we waited long enough?

7 K

Halocarbons are still found in aerosol spray cans.

false

What is the chemical formula for methane?

CH4

If we hold the concentrations of greenhouse gases constant at the levels anticipated in 2100 for the RCP8.5 scenario, roughly how much land warming would we get if we waited long enough?

12 K

The active layer is

the top layer of soil that thaws out at least once every year

The carbon contained in peat down to 1 meter is equivalent to how many years of fossil-fuel burning at the current rate of emissions?

20

Methane clathrate is

all of the other answers:

flammable

cold

white

What is the likely amount of carbon contained in methane clathrates?

1000-10000 GtC

Including all soil depths, permafrost contains how much carbon?

1500 GtC

Methane clathrate is

a water-ice lattice that encases methane molecules

Permafrost is

soil that is frozen all year long

Overall, the land surface and the top layers of soil tend to ____ with warming.

get drier

Scotch, the alcoholic drink and not the people, is made using

peat

How much carbon is there in peat worldwide down to one-meter depth?

200 GtC

When permafrost thaws, it releases

CO2 and CH4