Global Warming & Climate Change

What is global warming?

The long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature.

What is climate change?

Long-term changes in temperature, rainfall and other climate patterns.

What is the greenhouse effect?

The process in which greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, warming Earth's surface and lower atmosphere.

Name two important greenhouse gases.

Carbon dioxide and methane.

How does carbon dioxide contribute to global warming?

It absorbs outgoing infrared radiation, strengthening the greenhouse effect.

How does methane contribute to global warming?

It is a greenhouse gas that absorbs infrared radiation.

How does burning fossil fuels affect global warming?

It increases atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration.

How does deforestation contribute to global warming?

It reduces carbon uptake by trees and can release stored carbon.

How can livestock farming contribute to climate change?

Some livestock and their waste release methane.

How can global warming affect species distribution?

Organisms may move towards areas with more suitable temperatures.

How can climate change cause extinction?

Some species may be unable to adapt or migrate quickly enough.

How can changes in rainfall affect ecosystems?

They alter water availability and habitat conditions.

How can warming oceans affect marine biodiversity?

Higher temperatures can stress marine organisms and damage habitats such as coral reefs.

What is coral bleaching?

The loss of symbiotic algae or their pigments from corals, often following heat stress.

Why can coral bleaching threaten ecosystems?

Severe or prolonged bleaching can kill corals and reduce habitat availability.

How can melting ice affect polar ecosystems?

It reduces habitat for ice-dependent species.

Why is climate change a biodiversity concern?

It can alter habitats, disrupt food webs and increase extinction risks.

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Weather describes short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate describes long-term patterns.

Why should climate change conclusions be based on long-term data?

Short-term fluctuations may not reflect persistent climate trends.