RAD PATH UNIT 2 XRAY

Spina Bfida Occulta

RA of splitting of neural canal

Spina Bfida

Osteopetrosis

Osteopetrosis

RA of symmetric & generalized increase in bone density

Osteopetrosis

Osteogenic Imperfecta

Osteogenic Imperfecta

Flattening of vertebral bodies w/ fractures of multiple ribs & long bones

RA of extremely fragile skeleton; pathologic fractures; very thin cortical density

Osteogenic Imperfecta

RA of progressive interpedicular distance from superior to inferior & scalloping of posterior vertebral bodies

Achondroplasia

CT of spinal narrowing due to spondylosis & vertebral column changes

Achondroplasia

CT/MRI – soft tissue posterior mass with or without spinal cord and nerve routes

Spina Bfida

US – fetal demonstration of location & severity of pathophysiology

Spina Bfida

RA of superior and posterior dislocation of hip

Congenital Hip Dysplasia

Congenital Hip Dysplasia

RA of periarticular soft tissue swelling; symmetric joint destruction & deformity

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Ankylosing Spondylitis

RA of fusion of intervertebral joint

Ankylosing Spondylitis

RA of irregular narrowing of joint space with small bony spurs

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis

RA of early joint narrowing with focal erosions

Infectious arthritis

Infectious arthritis

RA not visualized well on plain films, calcific tendinitis in 50%

Bursitis

Bursitis

RA of soft tissue swelling with periosteal elevation

Osteomyelitis

US – soft tissue vascularity elevating periosteum;

Osteomyelitis

NM – bone scan most accurate at localizing process & recurrence

Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis

RA of loss of bone density, cortical thinning appears as a relatively dense & prominent thin line

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis

RA of loss of bone density; cortex becomes thin & often indistinct

Osteomalacia

Osteomalacia

RA of cupped & frayed metaphysis in long bones

Rickets

Rickets

RA of joint inflammation & urate crystals in joint space

Gout

Gout

RA of radiolucencies in destructive phase

Paget’s disease

RA of cotton wool appearance in reparative phase

Paget’s disease

Paget’s disease

RA of well defined radiolucent area, homogeneous ground glass density or soap bubble appearance

Fibrous dysplasia

Fibrous dysplasia

RA of tumor runs parallel to long bone & points away from nearest joint

Osteochondroma

Osteochondroma

US – determines cartilage cap thickness

Osteochondroma

MRI – cartilage cap produces a high signal intensity on T2 weighted spin echo images

Osteochondroma

RA of multiple large bubbles separated by strips of bone

Giant Cell Tumors

MRI – demonstrates tumor extension with soft tissue involvement & bone marrow changes

Giant Cell Tumors

Giant Cell Tumors

Giant Cell Tumors

RA of well circumscribed extremely dense round lesions; less than 2 cm in diameter

Osteoma

Osteoma

RA of round or oval lesions with lucent center (nidus), sometimes surrounded by dense sclerotic zone; less than 1 cm

Osteoid Osteoma

CT – contrast enhancement to demonstrate nidus

Osteoid Osteoma

Osteoid Osteoma

RA of mixed destructive/sclerotic lesion with soft tissue mass

Osteogenic Sarcoma

RA of “sunburst” pattern; Codman’s triangle

Osteogenic Sarcoma

Osteogenic Sarcoma

RA of medullary destruction with “onionskin” periosteal reaction

Ewing’s Sarcoma,

RA of multiple punched out lesions

Multiple Myeloma

Multiple Myeloma

RA of punctuate or amorphous calcification in cartilaginous matrix

Chondrosarcoma

Chondrosarcoma

RA of irregular, poorly defined lucent lesions or poorly defined increase densities depending on site of origin

Bone Metastases

Bone Metastases

RA of defect in pars articularis without displacement

Spondylolysis

Spondylolysis

RA of forward movement of one vertebra on another

Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis