BIO 117 Lab Review #6 Nervous System (spinal cord & nerves)

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What is the posterior median sulcus of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Groove on the posterior side

What is the anterior median fissure of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Deeper groove on the anterior side

What is the conus medullaris of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Thin and conical below the lumbar enlargement

What is the filum terminale of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• At the end of conus medullaris

• Thin

What is the cauda equina of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Roots below conus medullaris

• Start around L1

What is the dorsal root of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spiral cord is:

• Located on dorsal/posterior side

• Look like roots

• Contains axons of sensory neurons

What is the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Small bulge on dorsal root

• Contains cell bodies of sensory neurons

What is the ventral root of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Located on anterior side

• Look like roots

• Contains axons of motor neurons

What is the spinal nerve of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Where dorsal and ventral roots meet

What is the epidural space of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Looks like yellow fat

What is the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Under the arachnoid

What is the dura mater of the spinal cord?

Which layer of the spinal cord is:

• Outer layer of spinal cord

• Tough and fibrous

What is the arachnoid mater of the spinal cord?

Which layer of the spinal cord is:

• Middle layer of spinal cord

• Arachnoid membrane

What is the pia mater of the spinal cord?

Which layer of the spinal cord is:

• Innermost layer of spinal cord

• A mesh of collagen and fibers

What are the denticulate ligaments of the spinal cord?

Which ligament of the spinal cord is:

• Anchors spinal cord

• Prevents lateral movement

What is the posterior gray horn of the spinal cord?

Which gray horn of the spinal cord is:

• Gray and on posterior side

• Contain somatic and visceral sensory nuclei

What is the anterior gray horn of the spinal cord?

Which gray horn of the spinal cord is:

• Gray and on anterior side

• Contain somatic motor nuclei

What is the lateral gray horn of the spinal cord?

Which gray horn of the spinal cord is:

• Gray and on lateral side

• Contain visceral motor nuclei

What is the central canal of the spinal cord?

Which part of the spinal cord is:

• Center hole

• Run length of spine

What is the anterior gray commissure of the spinal cord?

Which gray commissure of the spinal cord is:

• Gray and on anterior side

• Anterior to the central canal

What is the posterior gray commissure of the spinal cord?

Which gray commissure of the spinal cord is:

• Gray and on posterior side

• Posterior to the central canal

What are the posterior white columns of the spinal cord?

Which white column of the spinal cord is:

• Between posterior gray horn and posterior median sulcus

What are the anterior white columns of the spinal cord?

Which white column of the spinal cord is:

• Between anterior gray horn and anterior median fissure

What are the lateral white columns of the spinal cord?

Which white column of the spinal cord is:

• Between anterior and posterior columns

What is the anterior white commissure of the spinal cord?

Which white commissure of the spinal cord is:

• Between anterior gray commissure and anterior median fissure

What is the white ramus of the spinal cord?

Which ramus of the spinal cord is:

• Slightly lateral to the gray ramus

• Attached to ventral ramus

What is the gray ramus of the spinal cord?

Which ramus of the spinal cord is:

• Slightly medial to the white ramus

• Attached to ventral ramus

What is the dorsal ramus of the spinal cord?

Which ramus of the spinal cord is:

• Posterior to ventral ramus

What is the ventral ramus of the spinal cord?

Which ramus of the spinal cord is:

• Formed from ventral and dorsal roots joining

What are the dermatomes of spinal nerves?

What is the bilateral region of the skin?

What is the cervical plexus of the spinal nerves?

Which plexus of the spinal nerves is:

• Upper cervical nerves (C1 - C5)

What is the phrenic nerve of the spinal nerves?

Which nerve of the spinal nerves is:

• Used for diaphragm

• Originates from C3, C4, and C5

What is the brachial plexus of the spinal nerves?

Which plexus of the spinal nerves is:

• In shoulder and neck (C5 - T1)

• Innervates upper limbs and pectoral girdle

What is this the order of:

1. Roots

2. Trunks

3. Divisions

4. Cords

5. Branches

What is the organization of a spinal plexus from closest to farthest from the spine?

What are the cords in the brachial plexus?

Which part of the brachial plexus is:

• In between branches and divisions

What are the trunks in the brachial plexus?

Which part of the brachial plexus is:

• In between divisions and roots

What is the musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus?

Which nerve of the brachial plexus is:

• Lateral cord

Where is the musculocutaneous nerve in the arm?

Which nerve of the arm is:

• Runs between the biceps brachii and brachialis

What is the axillary nerve of the brachial plexus?

Which nerve of the brachial plexus is:

• Posterior cord along with radial nerve

Where is the axillary nerve in the arm?

Which nerve of the arm is:

• Runs underneath the deltoid

What is the ulnar nerve of the brachial plexus?

Which nerve of the brachial plexus is:

• Medial cord

Where is the ulnar nerve in the arm?

Which nerve of the arm is:

• Runs on the pinky finger side (medial) of the forearm

What is the median nerve of the brachial plexus?

Which nerve of the brachial plexus is:

• Lateral and median cords

Where is the median nerve in the arm?

Which nerve of the arm is:

• Runs down the center of the forearm

• Between ulnar and radial nerve

What is the radial nerve of the brachial plexus?

Which nerve of the brachial plexus is:

• Posterior cord along with axillary nerve

Where is the radial nerve in the arm?

Which nerve of the arm is:

• Runs on the thumb side (lateral) of the forearm

What is the lumbar plexus of the spinal nerves?

Which plexus of the spinal nerves is:

• T12 - L4

What is the femoral nerve of the lumbar plexus?

Which nerve of the lumbar plexus is:

• Located in the pelvis and extends down the front of the leg

• Innervate thigh and hip

What is the obturator nerve of the lumbar plexus?

Which nerve of the lumbar plexus is:

• Travels through obturator foramen

• Innervate adductor leg muscles

What is the genitofemoral nerve of the lumbar plexus?

Which nerve of the lumbar plexus is:

• Runs within psoas major

• Innervate genitals and thigh

• Deeper than femoral and obturator nerve

What is the sacral plexus of the spinal nerves?

Which plexus of the spinal nerves is:

• L4 - S4

What is the sciatic nerve of the sacral plexus?

Which nerve of the sacral plexus is:

• Largest, back of thigh

What is the tibial nerve of the sacral plexus?

Which nerve of the sacral plexus is:

• Extends from sciatic nerve

• Starts from knee runs down to feet

What is the fibular nerve of the sacral plexus?

Which nerve of the sacral plexus is:

• Lateral side

• Neck of fibula

What is the superior gluteal nerve of sacral plexus?

Which nerve of the sacral plexus is:

• Passes through the greater sciatic foramen, superior to the piriformis

• Runs between the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus

What is the inferior gluteal nerve of sacral plexus?

Which nerve of the sacral plexus is:

• Travels through the greater sciatic foramen and underneath the piriformis

What is the pudendal nerve of sacral plexus?

Which nerve of the sacral plexus is:

• Passing inferior to the piriformis through the greater sciatic foramen