Unit 2 Biology Test

What 2 elements (atoms) make up a water molecule?

Hydrogen and oxygen

The unique properties of water are due to what type of bond?

Hydrogen bond

What type of bonds can be found in a water molecule?

Polar covalent bonds

What does it mean when we say water is polar?

Different charge

Adhesion

Water sticks to surface with hydrogen bonds

Cohesion

Two water molecules stick together with hydrogen bond

Universal solvent

Dissolves more substances than any other liquid

High heat capacity

Ability to resist change in temperature

Capillary action

Movement of liquid through narrow spaces

What property of water allows water to move through plant

Capillary action

What property of water helps animals cool off when they get too hot?

High heat capacity

What two properties of water help get nutrients to The cells of an organism?

A. Universal solvent because it dissolves nutrients like vitamins and minerals so they can flow through the body

B. Cohesion/adhesion because the sticking force allows water to climb upwards against gravity

What kind of molecule is an enzyme?

Protein

What is the purpose of an enzymes?

To speed up chemical reactions inside living organisms

What can affect enzyme function?

Enzyme function is affected by temperature, pH level levels, and amount of available molecules.

What is a substrate?

The substrate that an Enzyme acts on

What is an active site?

The part of the enzyme that attaches to the sub street

What is activation energy?

Amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction, Significantly lowered by enzyme function

What is a product?

Output of a chemical reaction

What is a reactant?

Inputs of a chemical reaction

Can enzymes work on multiple substrate?

No, because they are specific (like key or lock)

What happens if an enzyme Changes its shape?

It loses its ability to work