Bone Cells and Their Functions

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to bone cells, including their functions and developmental processes.

Osteogenic Cells

Stem cells found in endosteum and inner layer of periosteum that multiply continuously and give rise to most other bone cell types.

Osteoblasts

Bone-forming cells that synthesize soft organic matter of the matrix which hardens by mineral deposition.

Osteogenesis

The process of bone formation where the organic matter of the matrix hardens due to mineral deposition.

Osteocalcin

A hormone secreted by osteoblasts that stimulates insulin secretion and increases insulin sensitivity in adipocytes.

Osteocytes

Former osteoblasts trapped in the matrix they deposited, residing in lacunae and connected via canaliculi.

Lacunae

Tiny cavities in bone where osteocytes reside.

Canaliculi

Little channels connecting lacunae that allow for communication between osteocytes.

Gap Junctions

Connections between osteocytes that allow for the passage of nutrients, wastes, and signals.

Osteoclasts

Bone-dissolving cells found on bone surfaces, derived from the same bone marrow stem cells as blood cells.

Osteolysis

The process of dissolving bone, which is part of bone remodeling.