ART478 Exam 1 Terms

Iconoclasm

Outlawing and/or removing religious iconography at a large scale.

Maniera

Elegant characteristics in Mannerist art.

Mannerism

16th century art movement characterized by artificial elegance and exaggeration

Council of Trent

A catholic council formed in response to the Protestant Reformation, defined the power of art while establishing new rules and boundaries.

Protestant Reformation

A 1517 movement started by Martin Luther, establishment of the independent Protestant Church in response to Catholicism

Counter-Reformation

Doctrine of the Council of Trent in response to the Protestant Reformation. Characterized by dramatic and emotional art (Baroque).

Tenebrism

Dramatic shadows and spotlit lighting.

Chiaroscuro

Three-dimensional artwork by means of shadows and light.

Sacra conversazione

Paintings of Jesus and Mary flanked by saints of varying time periods.

Bolognese School

An artistic movement started by the Carracci family based around innovation.

Quadri Riportati

A fresco painted to appear as multiple framed paintings.

Caravaggisti

Caravaggio’s followers who adopted his style following his death.

Quadratura

One large scene depicted by fresco, includes architectural features in the scene as well.

Carracci Reform

Reaction against stylized and artificial late-16th century mannerism

Star of Solomon

Six-pointed star hidden in Baroque architecture geometry.

Solomonic columns

Corkscrew column style which was theorized to be from Solomon’s Temple.

Transverberation

A Catholic mystical experience where a persons heart is spiritually or physically pierced by a dart of divine light.

Memento mori

A motif of the reminder of death, often depicted as/with skulls or skeletons.

Bel composto

A blend of architecture and sculpture to form a scene.

“High Baroque“

An even more extravagant form of Baroque, highly intricate and gilded. Bernini worked in this mode a lot.