Circulatory System I - Hematopoiesis

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key concepts, cell types, sites, and processes of hematopoiesis based on the lecture material.

Hematopoiesis

The process by which mature blood cells develop from stem cells in hematopoietic organs.

Fetal Hematopoietic Organs

The organs responsible for blood cell production during fetal life, consisting of the yolk sac, liver, spleen, and bone marrow.

Postnatal Hematopoietic Site

The primary site of blood cell production after birth, which is the bone marrow.

Pluripotential Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Bone marrow stem cells capable of self-renewal that give rise to all blood cell types through lymphoid and myeloid lineages.

Lymphoid Stem Cells

A lineage derived from pluripotential stem cells that will differentiate into lymphocytes.

Myeloid Stem Cells

A lineage derived from pluripotential stem cells that develops into granulocytes, monocytes, erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes.

Progenitor Cells

Unipotential or bipotential daughter cells with reduced potentiality that can produce both progenitor and precursor cells, but cannot be morphologically distinguished from stem cells as they resemble large lymphocytes.

Precursor Cells (Blasts)

Cells generated by progenitor cells in which morphological characteristics differentiate for the first time, and which produce only mature blood cells.

Human Bone Marrow Production Rates

The daily rate of cell production in human bone marrow, yielding $3 \times 10^9$\,erythrocytes/kg/day and $0.85 \times 10^9$\,granulocytes/kg/day.

Mitotic Response to Growth Factors

A physiological response during hematopoiesis that gradually increases to its maximum in the middle of the differentiation process, after which mitotic activity decreases as morphological and functional characteristics develop.