Spatial patterns in urban areas - section 3

describe the land use in New York

CBD is manhattan- finance and cultural centres

5 districts - bronx, brooklyn, staten island, manhattan, queens

regeneration of green spaces

describe economic inequality in new york

most wealth is in manhattan

highest proportion of white residence and lowest numbers of foreign born

describe social segregation in new york

access to underground transport

bronx and halem- overcrowded, deprived of education

diaspora

describe cultural diversity in new york

many migrant populations

e,g, little italy and the bronx

describe the ford models of HICs

how does lagon match the ford model of land use in HICs

clear divisions in housing quality

retail and office areas in the CBD

new industrial estates on the urban fringe

some densily populated areas- e.g. Shomulu and Mushin

elite housing built for colonial administrators

how does lagos go against the ford model for land use in HICs

low housing density on the outside of central area

industry is dispersed

TNC is in the west due to the port

CBD is coastal- influenced by physical geography

pocket of new housing- further away from the city centre

describe shack/slum dwellers international (SDI)

gives a voice to those in informal settlements

links poor communities across africa, asian and latin america- sharing of knowledge and experience

evaluate SDI as management for informal settlements

• gives residents a voice and skills

• can exclude poorer residents who cannot contribute

• increases social inequality

describe social/ cultural factors in Bangalore

40% ppl are below absolute poverty

cast system

slum housing- 400 legal slums

raw tax policy system

no healthcare

describe economic factors in Bangalore

out sourcing jobs to create job opportunities

1200 IT companies- employs 500,000 people

migrants go to cities

no sick pay

women are often domestic servants

describe the solutions in Bangalore

NGO’s

construction of toilet blocks

making water cheaper

self help schemes

education for women- compulsory up to 14 years old

describe economic inequality in oxford

difference in housing quality

difference in access to services- and levels of education

describe social segregation in oxford

wealthy people concentrate separately- through housing and jobs

housing developers build houses with a specific market in mind

clustering of homogenous communities

describe cultural diversity in oxford

new migrants concentrate in poorer areas- develop a new housing community

bringing of new languages

diaspora

pressure on schools- may need translators