General Science - Physical Science: Chemistry - Classification of Matter: Compounds

What term describes substances composed of atoms of two or more different elements?

Compounds

Substances composed of atoms of two or more different elements are called __________.

compounds

Which atomic combination results in the formation of a water molecule (H2O)?

Hydrogen atoms combine with oxygen

Hydrogen atoms combine with __________ to form a water molecule (H2O).

oxygen

What entities combine to form an ionic particle of salt (NaCl)?

A sodium atom and a chlorine atom

A sodium atom combines with a __________ atom to form an ionic particle of salt (NaCl).

chlorine

What is the relationship between the properties of compounds and the properties of their constituent atoms?

The properties of compounds differ greatly from the properties of the atoms that form the compound.

How do the characteristics of a synthesized compound compare to its original form elements?

Differ greatly from the properties of the atoms that form the compound

Consisting of elements that are both highly toxic describes which substance?

Common salt

Common salt consists of sodium and chlorine, both of which are highly __________ elements.

toxic

What type of substance is common salt despite its toxic constituents?

A relatively harmless substance

Common salt is a relatively __________ substance.

harmless

What fundamental chemical component is contained in organic compounds?

Carbon

Organic compounds contain __________.

carbon

What specific elements are contained in hydrocarbons?

Hydrogen and carbon only

Hydrocarbons contain hydrogen and __________ only.

carbon

Which of these is listed as a hydrocarbon?

Methane

Which of these is identified as a hydrocarbon?

Ethylene

Which of these is classified as a hydrocarbon?

Acetylene

Which of these is classified as a hydrocarbon?

Propane

Which of these is NOT classified as a hydrocarbon?

Glucose

Which of these correctly lists hydrocarbons?

Methane, ethylene, acetylene, and propane

Which elements compose carbohydrates exclusively in terms of types?

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen, and __________.

oxygen

Which of these is identified as a common carbohydrate?

Sugars

Which of these is also considered a common carbohydrate?

Starches

How is glucose (C6H12O6) classified?

A simple sugar

Glucose (C6H12O6) is a __________ sugar.

simple

What category does sucrose (C12H22O11), also known as cane sugar, fall under?

A disaccharide or a more complex sugar

Sucrose (C12H22O11) or cane sugar is a disaccharide or a more __________ sugar.

complex

What chemical components are found in fats?

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Fats contain carbon, hydrogen, and __________.

oxygen

Into which classifications may fats be sorted?

Saturated or unsaturated compounds

Fats may be classified as saturated or __________ compounds.

unsaturated

Which elements make up the base composition of proteins?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and __________.

nitrogen

Besides the base elements, what additional elements can some proteins contain?

Sulfur and phosphorus

Some proteins also contain sulfur and __________.

phosphorus

What smaller building block molecules make up proteins?

Amino acids

Proteins consist of smaller molecules called __________.

amino acids