Anatomy 6511 Circulatory System Overview and Vascular Histology 낱말 카드

Heart, blood vessels, blood

What are the major components of the cardiovascular system?

Transport, thermoregulation, maintain fluid balance, protection

What are the major functions of the cardiovascular system?

Arteries

Do arteries or veins carry blood away from the heart?

Veins

Do arteries or veins carry blood toward the heart?

Oxygenated

Pulmonary veins carry what kind of blood?

Deoxygenated

Pulmonary arteries carry what kind of blood?

Oxygenated

Systemic arteries carry what kind of blood?

Deoxygenated

Systemic veins carry what kind of blood?

Left

Which wall of the heart is thicker?

Sends blood further away

Why is the left wall of the heart thicker?

Receiving

The two atria (R & L) are ________ chambers.

Discharging

The two ventricles (R & L) are _________ chambers.

Deoxygenated, Body

The right atrium receives _________ blood from the _________.

Oxygenated, Lungs

The left atrium receives _________ blood from the _________.

Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall from outer to inner?

Visceral layer of serous pericardium

What is the outer epicardium layer composed of?

Cardiac muscle

What is the middle myocardium layer primarily composed of?

Fibrous skeleton of the heart

What is also contained in the myocardium layer?

Endothelial cells, Subendothelial layer, Subendocardial layer

What are the layers of the endocardium from superficial to deep?

Blood

The endothelial cell layer of the endocardium is the inner layer and in contact with what?

Connective tissue and smooth muscle cells

The subendothelial layer of the endocardium is the middle layer and contains what?

Intrinsic conduction system

The subendocardial layer of the endocardium is the deeper layer and is a connective tissue layer that contains what?

Atrioventricular

Which valves prevent backflow into the atria?

Semilunar

Which valves prevent backflow into the ventricles?

Tricuspid and bicuspid

What are the two atrioventricular valves?

Right

Which side of the heart are tricuspid valves found?

Left

Which side of the heart are bicuspic valves found?

Aortic and pulmonary

What are the two semilunar valves?

Left

Which side of the heart are aortic semilunar valves found?

Right

Which side of the heart are pulmonary semilunar valves found?

Myocardium

What is labeled 1?

Tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular)

What is labeled 2?

Bicuspid (mitral) valve (left atrioventricular)

What is labeled 3?

Aortic semilunar valve

What is labeled 4?

Pulmonary semilunar valve

What is labeled 5?

Sinoatrial node,

Atrioventricular node,

Atrioventricular bundle (Bundle of His),

R/L bundle branches,

Purkinje fibers

What are the steps of the cardiac conduction system?

Pacemaker of heart

What is the sinoatrial node considered?

Sinus rhythm

Heart rate is determined by the sinoatrial node through its _____________.

Internodal pathway or tracts

Impulse travels to the atrioventricular node via what?

Atria to contract

At the atrioventricular node, impulse is delayed here to allow for __________.

R and L bundle branches

Which part of the cardiac conduction system has branches of the atioventricular bundle?

Apex of heart

The R and L bundle branches course toward _____________ through interventricular septum.

Purkinje fibers (subendocardial branches)

What part of the cardiac conduction system finishes the pathway in interventricular septum, around apex of hear, and head back towards atria?

Arteriole

What is the smallest artery called?

Capillaries

What are the smallest of blood vessels?

Thin

Are capillaries thin or thick walled?

Blood and body tissues

Capillaries allow the exchange of materials between what?

Venule

What is the smallest vein called?

Blood vessels

What describes a grouping of arteries and veins?

Artery

Would this be an artery or vein?

Vein

Would this be an artery or vein?

Thick walls, small lumens, rounded

What is the general appearance of arteries?

Thin walls, large lumens, flattened

What is the general appearance of veins?

Intima, media, externa

What are the tunica layers of blood vessels from inner to outer?

Endothelium, Basal lamina, Subendothelial layer

What are the parts of the tunica intima from inner to outer?

Smooth muscle

The tunica media contains rings of what type of cells?

Vasoconstriction and vasodilation

What are the rings of smooth muscle cells in the tunica media responsible for?

Sheets or lamella or lamina of elastin

What does the tunica media also contain?

Vaso vasorum

What is the blood supply to the tunica externa in large blood vessels?

Nervi vascularis

What is the innervation to the tunica externa in large blood vessels?

Veins

Do arteries, veins, or both contain valves?

Tunica media (smooth muscle for contraction/moving blood)

Which layer of arteries is the thickest?

Tunica externa (responsible for keeping blood inside)

Which layer of veins is the thickest?

Vaso vasorum

What provides nourishment and waste removal for vessel walls?

Large arteries and veins

Where is the vaso vasorum most commonly found?

Vaso vasorum

What structure are the venule and arteriole part of in the adventitia of this large vessel?

Nervi vascularis

What is the nerve in the adventitia of this large vessel called?

Wavy

How does the endothelium appear in arteries?

Smooth

How does the endothelium appear in veins?

Smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers

What is the tunica media in arteries made of?

Smooth muscle cells and collagen fibers

What is the tunica media in veins made of?

Seperates intima from media in large arteries and some arterioles

Where is the internal elastic membrane found?

Separates media from externa in large arteries

Where is the external elastic membrane found?

Collagen and elastic fibers

What is the tunica externa in arteries made of?

Collagen and some smooth muscle fibers

What is the tunica externa in veins made of?

Artery (more open)

What is labeled 1?

Vein (more collapsed, lumen larger)

What is labeled 2?

Tunica intima

What is labeled 1?

Endothelium

What is labeled 2?

Subendothelial layer

What is labeled 3?

Internal elastic lamina

What is labeled 4?

Tunica media

What is labeled 5?

External elastic lamina

What is labeled 6?

Tunica externa

What is labeled 7?

Vaso vasorum

What is labeled 8?

Elastic, Muscular, Arterioles

What are the major types of arteries from largest to smallest?

Elastic

What type of arteries are the aorta and carotid?

Tunica Intima

What part of elastic arteries appears thick and endothelium is wavy?

Elastic fibers with smooth muscle

The tunica media of elastic arteries has a large amount of what?

Thin

Is the tunica externa of the elastic arteries thin or thick?

Vaso vasorum

What does the tunica externa of elastic arteries have present?

Elastic

What type of artery is shown?

Tunica externa

What layer of the elastic artery is labeled 1?

Tunica media

What layer of the elastic artery is labeled 2?

Tunica intima

What layer of the elastic artery is labeled 3?

Elastic

What type of artery is shown?

Tunica intima

What layer of the elastic artery is labeled 1?

Tunica media

What layer of the elastic artery is labeled 2?

Tunica externa

What layer of the elastic artery is labeled 3?

Vaso vasorum

What structure are the circled venules and arterioles part of?