prof 8

chapter 6

Amphiarthrosis

A slightly mobile joint.

Ankylosis

Fixation and immobility of a joint.

Arthralgia

Joint pain.

Arthritis

Chronic inflammation of the synovial joints.

Arthrocentesis

Surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from a joint.

Arthrodesis

Surgical fixation of a joint.

Arthrography

Process of recording a joint.

Arthroplasty

Joint replacement surgery.

Arthroscopy

Process of viewing a joint using an endoscope.

Bradykinesia

Condition of slow movement.

Bursitis

Inflammation of a bursa near a joint.

Chondromalacia

Degeneration of cartilage.

Craniotomy

An operation in which a piece of the skull is removed.

Diarthrosis

Freely mobile joints.

Diskectomy

Excision of the intervertebral disk.

Discitis

Inflammation of the intervertebral disk.

Dyskinesia

Abnormal involuntary movements of the extremities, trunk, or jaw.

Hematopoiesis

The production of blood cells.

Hyperkinesia

Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole.

Hypertrophy

The enlargement of muscles.

Kyphosis

An excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region; also called humpback.

Lordosis

Excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar vertebral column region; also called swayback.

Osteitis

Inflammation of bone.

Osteoarthritis

The most common type of arthritis; associated with aging and “wear and tear” of the articular cartilage.

Osteoblast

The cell responsible for forming new bone.

Osteochondritis

Inflammation of bone and cartilage.

Osteocyte

Bone cell.

Osteomalacia

A softening of adult bones due to Vitamin D deficiency.

Osteomyelitis

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow.

Osteonecrosis

Abnormal condition of bone death (lack of blood supply).

Osteopenia

Abnormally low bone mass or bone mineral density.

Osteopetrosis

Abnormal condition of porous bones.

Osteoporosis

A disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass that occurs when the rate of bone resorption exceeds the rate of bone formation.

Osteosarcoma

Malignant tumor of bone.

Sarcopenia

Age-related muscle atrophy.

Scoliosis

Lateral curvature of the spine.

Spondyloarthritis

Inflammation of the joints of the spine.

Spondylosis

A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any part of the vertebra, intervertebral disk, and surrounding soft tissue.

Synarthrosis

An immobile or nearly immobile joint.

Synovectomy

Excision of the synovial membrane.

Synovial sarcoma

Malignant tumor of the synovial membrane.

Tendinitis

Inflammation of the tendon.

Tenosynovitis

Inflammation of the synovial membrane of a tendon.

Vertebroplasty

A procedure used to repair a bone in the spine that has a break caused by cancer, osteoporosis, or trauma.