BIOL 1720 Population and Community Ecology

studied byStudied by 24 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

Age structure

1 / 80

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

KEY TERMS ONLY

Biology

81 Terms

1

Age structure

proportion of population members at specific age ranges

New cards
2

Aggressive Display

visual display by a species member to discourage other members of the same species or different species

New cards
3

Aposematic coloration

warning coloration used as a defensive mechanism against predation

New cards
4

Batesian mimicry

type of mimicry where a non-harmful species takes on the warning colorations of a harmful one

New cards
5

Behavior

change in an organism’s activities in response to a stimulus

New cards
6

Behavioral Biology

study of the biology and evolution of behavior

New cards
7

biotic potential (rmax)

maximal potential growth rate of a species

New cards
8

birth rate (B)

number of births within a population at a specific point in time

New cards
9

Camouflage

avoid detection by blending in with the background

New cards
10

Carrying capacity (K)

number of individuals of a species that can be supported by the limited resources of a habitat

New cards
11

Classical conditioning

association of a specific stimulus and response through conditioning

New cards
12

Climax Community

final stage of succession, where a stable community is formed by a characteristic assortment of plant and animal species

New cards
13

Cognitive Learning

knowledge and skills acquired by the manipulation of information in the mind

New cards
14

Commensalism

relationship between species wherein one species benefits from the close, prolonged interaction, while the other species neither benefits nor is harmed

New cards
15

Competitive exclusion principle

no two species within a habitat can coexist when they compete for the same resources at the same place and time

New cards
16

Conditioned Behavior

behavior that becomes associated with a specific stimulus through conditioning

New cards
17

Courtship Display

visual display used to attract a mate

New cards
18

Death Rate (D)

number of deaths within a population at a specific point in time

New cards
19

Demographic-Based Population Model

modern model of population dynamics incorporating many features of the r- and K-selection theory

New cards
20

Demography

statistical study of changes in populations over time

New cards
21

Density-Dependent Regulation

regulation of population that is influenced by population density, such as crowding effects; usually involves biotic factors

New cards
22

Density-Independent Regulation

regulation of populations by factors that operate independent of population density, such as forest fires and volcanic eruptions; usually involves abiotic factors

New cards
23

Distraction display

visual display used to distract predators away from a nesting site

New cards
24

Emsleyan/Mertensian mimicry

type of mimicry where a harmful species resembles a less harmful one

New cards
25

Energy Budget

allocation of energy resources for body maintenance, reproduction, and parental care

New cards
26

Environmental Disturbance

change in the environment caused by natural disasters or human activities

New cards
27

Ethology

biological study of animal behavior

New cards
28

Exponential Growth

accelerating growth pattern seen in species under conditions where resources are not limiting

New cards
29

Fecundit

New cards
30

Fixed action pattern

series of instinctual behaviors that, once initiated, always goes to completion regardless of changes in the environment

New cards
31

Foraging

behaviors species use to find food

New cards
32

Foundation species

species which often forms the major structural portion of the habitat

New cards
33

Habituation

ability of a species to ignore repeated stimuli that have no consequence

New cards
34

Host

organism a parasite lives on

New cards
35

Imprinting

identification of parents by newborns as the first organism they see after birth

New cards
36

Innate behavior

instinctual behavior that is not altered by changes in the environment

New cards
37

Intersexual selection

selection of a desirable mate of the opposite sex

New cards
38

Interspecific competition

competition between species for resources in a shared habitat or environment

New cards
39

Intrasexual Selection

competition between members of the same sex for a mate

New cards
40

Intraspecific Competition

competition between members of the same species

New cards
41

Island Biogeography

study of life on island chains and how their geography interacts with the diversity of species found there

New cards
42

Iteroparity

life history strategy characterized by multiple reproductive events during the lifetime of a species

New cards
43

J-shaped growth curve

shape of an exponential growth curve

New cards
44

K-selected species

species suited to stable environments that produce a few, relatively large offspring and provide parental care

New cards
45

Keystone Species

species whose presence is key to maintaining biodiversity in an ecosystem and to upholding an ecological community’s structure

New cards
46

Kin Selection

sacrificing one’s own life so that one’s genes will be passed on to future generations by relatives

New cards
47

Kinesis

undirected movement of an organism in response to a stimulus

New cards
48

Learned behavior

behavior that responds to changes in the environment

New cards
49

Life History

inherited pattern of resource allocation under the influence of natural selection and other evolutionary forces

New cards
50

Life Table

table showing the life expectancy of a population member based on its age

New cards
51

Logistic Growth

leveling off of exponential growth due to limiting resources

New cards
52

Mark and recapture

technique used to determine population size in mobile organisms

New cards
53

Migration

long-range seasonal movement of animal species

New cards
54

Monogamy

mating system whereby one male and one female remain coupled for at least one mating season

New cards
55

Mortality Rate

proportion of population surviving to the beginning of an age interval that die during the age interval

New cards
56

Müllerian mimicry

type of mimicry where species share warning coloration and all are harmful to predators

New cards
57

Mutualism

symbiotic relationship between two species where both species benefit

New cards
58

One-Child Policy

China’s policy to limit population growth by limiting urban couples to have only one child or face the penalty of a fine

New cards
59

Operant Conditioning

learned behaviors in response to positive and/or negative reinforcement

New cards
60

Parasite

organism that uses resources from another species, the host

New cards
61

Pioneer Species

first species to appear in primary and secondary succession

New cards
62

Polyandry

mating system where one female mates with many males

New cards
63

Polygyny

mating system where one male mates with many females

New cards
64

Population Density

number of population members divided by the area or volume being measured

New cards
65

Population Growth Rate

number of organisms added in each reproductive generation

New cards
66

Population size (N)

number of population members in a habitat at the same time

New cards
67

Primary Sucession

succession on land that previously has had no life

New cards
68

Quadrat

square made of various materials used to determine population size and density in slow moving or stationary organisms

New cards
69

R-Selected Species

species suited to changing environments that produce many offspring and provide little or no parental care

New cards
70

Reflex Action

action in response to direct physical stimulation of a nerve

New cards
71

Relative Species Abundance

absolute population size of a particular species relative to the population sizes of other species within the community

New cards
72

S-Shaped Growth Curve

shape of a logistic growth curve

New cards
73

Secondary Sucession

succession in response to environmental disturbances that move a community away from its equilibrium

New cards
74

Semelparity

life history strategy characterized by a single reproductive event followed by death

New cards
75

Signal

method of communication between animals including those obtained by the senses of smell, hearing, sight, or touch

New cards
76

Species Dispersion/Distribution Pattern

spatial location of individuals of a given species within a habitat at a particular point in time

New cards
77

Species Richness

number of different species in a community

New cards
78

Survivorship Curve

graph of the number of surviving population members versus the relative age of the member

New cards
79

Symbiosis

close interaction between individuals of different species over an extended period of time that impacts the abundance and distribution of the associating populations

New cards
80

Taxis

directed movement in response to a stimulus

New cards
81

Zero Population Growth

steady population size where birth rates and death rates are equal

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 51 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 18 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 8 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 56 people
... ago
5.0(3)
note Note
studied byStudied by 21 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 3 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 5 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 88 people
... ago
5.0(1)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (21)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (125)
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
4.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (93)
studied byStudied by 5 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (36)
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
4.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (39)
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot