Exam 2 Drugs & Brands & MOA (Self-Care)

Self-Care material for Exam 2

Hydrocortisone

Cortizone-10, Cortaid

Colloidal oatmeal

Aveeno Soothing Bath Treatment

Calamine Lotion

Caladryl

Aluminum acetate 5% lotion

Burows and Domeboro Solution

Benzocaine 20%

Lanacaine

Lidocaine 0.5%

Solarcaine

Pramoxine 1%, Benzyl Alcohol 10%

Itch-X

Camphor 0.1%-3%

Blue Star, Sarna

Topical diphenhydramine 1%

Benadryl Spray

Topical diphenhydramine 0.5-2%

Benadryl Gel, Allegra Anti-Itch cream

Bentoquatam

Ivy Block

Hydrocortisone MOA

mild vasoconstriction to reduce inflammation and has antipruritic activity; skin protectant

Calamine MOA

astringent that absorbs fluids from oozing vesicles

Zinc Oxide MOA

mild astringent with weak antiseptic properties

Titanium dioxide MOA

skin protectant

Astringent MOA

• dereases edema, exudation and inflammation by reducing cell membrane permeability and hardening intercellular cement of the epithelium

• cool and dry skin through evaporation

• forms protective coat, allowing new tissues to grow

• vasoconstriction and reduces blood flow in inflamed tissue

  • cleanses skin of exudates, crust, debris

Topical anesthetic MOA

local, reversible blockade of conduction of nerve impulses (inhibition of sodium channels and depolarization)

Menthol itching MOA

Depresses cutaneous receptors at concentration <1%

Camphor MOA

Depresses cutaneous receptors at concentrations <3%

Local antihistamine MOA (e.g. topical Benadryl)

depresses cutaneous histamine receptors

Oral 1st generation Antihistamine MOA

competes with histamine at central and peripheral H1 receptors to prevent mediator release.

Insect bites - antihistamine effect specifically

Uroshiol removal (Tecnu, Dish soap, Goop, Zanfel) MOA

Tecnu: chemical inactivator 

Dish soap: surfactant to remove from skin 

Goop: removes oil from skin

Zanfel: surfactant to remove from skin

Bentoquatam (Ivy Block) MOA

• prevents urushiol from reaching skin

• organoclay substance: absorbs or binds urushiol

  • physical barrier, blocking urushiol skin contact/absorption

DEET MOA

releases vapors that discourage the approach of insects

Picaridin MOA

releases vapors that discourage the approach of insects

DEET effective percentage for: 1) All bugs 2) Ticks

All bugs: need >10%

Ticks: need >20%