classification of voice disorders quiz

functional voice disorders

results from incorrect use of phonatory system

muscle tension dysphonia

misuse/overuse

most common VD in kids and adults

psychogenic VD

from emotional trauma of conflict seen in voice

conversion aphonia

sometimes malingering

organic VD

from physiological abnormality in S or F in vocal tract

congential - laryngomalacia, tracheoesophogeal fistula

tissue changes from GERD or LPRD

organic VD examples

polyps

granuloma

webbing

neurogenic VD

from issues with muscle control and innervation of muscles needed for respiration, phonation, and resonance

injurty to CNS or PNS

neuro examples

VF paralysis

dysarthria from ALS, MG, HD, PD

spasmodic dysphonia

tremor

stroke

TBI

wilsons pitch criteria

if fundamental freq is too high or low

narrow pitch range

excessive pitch breaks

pitch inappropriate to situation

moores criteria for pitch

disorder present when pitch is:

higher than most voices of same peers

lower than most of peers

voices don’t vary in typical way

intensity VD

voice is too loud of too soft for demands of situation

leads to vocal strain and fatigue

always check for underlying HL

64 db normal for speech

loud intensity

perceived as aggressive

soft intensity

perceived as quiet, shy, withdrawn

quality disorders

any disturbances in laryngeal tone usually associated with sound generated at level of folds

dysphonia

any alteration in normal phonation

harsh voice

rough, unmusical sound from excessive tension

hoarse voice

rough, unmusical quality with pitch breaks

strident voice

tight, hard sound, resonance quality problem in pharynx

thinness voice

small, childish voice caused by excess tension in oral cavity

breathiness voice

when folds fail to acheive good closure, allows air to escape during phonation, reduced fold adduction

resonance disorder

reflect modification of vocal tone within the supraglottic vocal tract cavities

hypernasal

excessive nasal resonance during speech

hyponasal

nasal cavities blocked, reduction in normal nasal resonance

cul de sac voice

hollow sounding voice caused by pharyngeal focus of voice due to posterior tongue carriage