208 exam 1

chapters 1-6

freud’s psychoanalytical theory

defined id, ego, super ego, and coping mechanisms in the 1890s

id (freud)

generates impulses to see pleasure

ego (freud)

view of self, the image you want to convey to others

superego

moral guide, recognizes good vs. bad

jungs psychodymanic theory

emphasizes that development extends into adulthood and defined introversion vs extroversion in the early 1900s

eriksons theory of stages of psychosocial development

outlined that personality is dependent on social environment and interactions in eight stages

eriksons stage of trust vs. mistrust

occurs when a child is 0-18 mts. if care is consistent, infants will gain trust, if care is inconsistent, infant will gain anxiety and mistrust

eriksons stage of autonomy vs. shame/doubt

occurs when child is 18 mts-3 yrs. toddler will learn to gain control and independence through exploration, but if overly controlled, toddler will lack self esteem and feel shame

eriksons stage of initiative vs. guilt

occurs when child is 3-5yrs. child will learn to lead others, make decisions, and ask questions through interaction and play with other children at school, if parents make kids feel lie a nusiance, they will develop guilt

eriksons stage of industry vs. inferiority

occurs when child is 5-12yrs. peers become a major part of self-esteem as child begins wanting approval, failure to “prove” themself makes them feel inferior

eriksons stage of identity vs. role confusion

occurs when adolescent is 12-18yrs. kid searches for identity and values while transitioning to an adult, can cause role confusion and identity crisis

eriksons stage of intimacy vs. isolation

occurs when the adult is 18-40yrs. people form intimate, loving relationships and safety, but can make people feel unwanted, lonely, or isolated

eriksons stage of generativity vs. self-absorption

occurs when adult is 40-65yrs. they create things that last and give back to society, but can feel stagnant or disconnected

eriksons stage of integrity vs. despair

occurs when adult is 65 to death. can contemplate accomplishments and develop wisdom or see their life as unproductive and be dissatisfied

levinsons psychological theory

elaborated on eriksons theory of stages of development

levinson’s stage of early adult transition

17-22yrs, begin to make choices about adult life including career, college

levinson’s stage of entering adult world

22-28yrs, making concrete decisions about career, friends, values

levinson’s stage of older age transitions

28-33yrs, severe lifestyle changes like children or marriage

levinson’s stage of settling down

ages 33-40yrs, establishing a routine, making progress towards goals

levinson’s stage of mid-life transition/crisis

ages 40-45yrs, evaluating life, making drastic changes

levinson’s stage of middle adulthood

ages 45-50yrs, considering their future and legacy

piagets theory of development

theory centered on understanding and relating to the world around you

piagets stage of sensorimotor development

0-2yrs, gaining understanding of cause/effect and object permanence

piagets stage of preoperational development

2-7yrs, thinking egocentrically about themselves, developing language skills using pretend play and logic

piagets stage of concrete operational development

7-11yrs, can understand different information at once, focusing on the present, and realistically understanding the world

piagets stage of formal operational development

11-17yrs, thinking abstractly and future oriented

maslows hierarchy of needs

when basic physiological needs are met, individual moves up to a higher level of fulfillment and so on

rogers environmental theory

people naturally form their own destiny based on concept of self

pavlov’s behaviorist theory of personality

developed classical conditioning

bandura & mischel’s social-learning theory of personality

people learn through observing others which develops their personality

moral reasoning

the development of a set of social rules to differentiate right from wrong

cooley & mead’s development of self-image

how our perception of ourselves and others perceptions of us combine to form a self concept

functional family

stable unit where members have consistent expectations and rules, communicate well, cope with stress, and support each other

dysfunctional family

unstable unit where members have inconsistent roles and rules, poor relationships, difficulty managing conflict, and negatively impact each other

family systems theory

what happens to one member of the family will affect the entire family

eriksoks growth and development of a parent

parents adapt over time as their childs needs and abilities grow

culture

set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and behaviors

cultural awareness

learning about different beliefs, values, and practices

cultural sensitivity

recognizing and respecting differences in communication, language, space, family, health, and preferances

culturally responsive care

adapting health care to fit each individual patients culture

ethnicity

cultural pattern shared by people with similar heritage

beliefs

ideas people accept as true, not necessarily religious

values

deep feelings about right and wrong, important and unimportant, etc

ethnocentrism

believing that ones culture is superior to another

integrative health care

bringing complementary and alternative health care together (acupuncture, aromatherapy)

scope of practice

identification of and legal limitations to usual skills practiced by a professional, governed by state

consumer bill of rights

stresses the importance of the relationship between provider and patient

medicare

federal health insurance program for people 65+ or disabled

medicaid

joint federal-state assistance program based on limited income

healthy people 2030

10yr report card of what has been accomplished and what improvements should be made in the future

goals for 2030

engage leadership, enable nation to attain health and well-being, eliminate health disparities, and promote good health and quality of life across all life stages

determinants of health

range of factors that impact health status