Tissues, Part 1: Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology #2

tissues

groups of similar cells come together to perform a common function

organs

when two or more tissues combine

type of tissue

defines its function

four different primary tissue types

nervous, muscle, epithelial, connective

nervous tissue

control and communication

muscle tissues

movement

epithelial tissue

cover and protect the body

connective tissues

provide support

histology

study of tissues

anton van leeuwenhoek

father of microbiology

joseph von gerlach

histological stain

carmine

red dye derived from the scales of a crushed-up cochineal insect

neural stain

"fibers" that seemed to link the cells together

nervous system

the brain, spinal cord, and network of nerves in the peripheral nervous system

peripheral nervous system

regulate and control all of your body's functions

nervous tissues also

is made up of two different cell types: neurons and glial cells

neurons

the specialized building blocks of the nervous system

in nervous tissue, each neuron

has the same anatomy, consisting of the cell body, dendrites, and axon

other type of nervous cells, the glial cells

are like the neuron's pit crew, providing support, insulation, and protection, and tethering them to blood vessels

muscle tissues can

contract and move, handy to walk/chew/breathe, well vascularized

skeletal muscle tissue

- long multinucleate parallel cells

- striations (fine black lines running perpendicular to the fibers)

cardiac muscle tissue

- cells divide and converge

- one nucleus per cell

- striated

- with intercalated disks

smooth muscle tissue

- short tapered cells

- no striations