COMMUNITY PROGRAM PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION

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community as partner

focuses on the promotion of health throughout a community. involve a process of communication between community members and a variety of community organizations with the development of collective goals and the creation of resources to address issues within the community.

community health worker (CHW)

could be anyone in the community who is invested and active in promoting the health of the community. may be a paid position, such as a public health nurse, or could be volunteering their efforts, such as a concerned parent. organizations can also voluntarily act as these.

collaboration

this alongside teamwork, is imperative for successful community programs. programs that have the potential for community-wide impact should display this with stakeholders from diverse subpopulations. offers a way to pool resources, share visions and goals, and bring different insights to specific issues. allows stakeholders to share differing viewpoints and learn about the values and goals of diverse sectors of the population.

barriers to collaboration

misunderstandings and differing priorities among subpopulations and stakeholders, geographic challenges that impede smooth collaboration, and a lack of resources (financial, time constraints, differing priorities, lack of communication) can all prevent collaborative efforts

community gatekeepers

can be anyone who has impact on or control over programs in the community, such as paid employees, volunteers, community leaders, or members of the community at large. community programs should include these at all levels. a shared vision can help diverse these people and develop a common bond to enable them to work together in a collaborative manner.

national notifiable diseases

a list of diseases and conditions that individual states voluntarily report to the CDC. these data are utilized to monitor, measure, and alert communities or the nation of public health threats. provides a mechanism for case surveillance.

community health assessment

assessment identifying key health needs of a community through comprehensive, methodical collection and analysis of data. this process is collaborative, with shared ownership among various stakeholders. diverse community stakeholders allow for the best results. is ongoing with evaluation and continued assessment, analysis, planning, and implementation. begins with identifying community strengths, assets, and resources, which can be used as a foundation for future improvements.

primary data

data that is collected by the main investigator. uses tools such as windshield surveys, interviews, direct observation, and community forums. can involve direct contact and communication with community members to ask questions and gain insight into the community.

secondary data

data collected by other than firsthand. might include data derived from government or community databases or data that was accumulated by external sources at an earlier date. ex include census data, crime stats, and county health rankings.

social-ecological model

a community assessment model that looks at health as a broad, multifaceted concept. this model considers health as impacted by individual, community, social, political, and physical elements.

community health assessment and group evaluation (CHANGE)

a community assessment model that utilizes a data collection tool and planning resource to guide community partners in assessment and prioritization of community improvement programs. used to identify strengths and resources while also guiding the identification of weaknesses. creates strategies to improve community outcomes.

built environment assessment tool manual (BEATM)

provides guideline for assessing homes, schools, workplaces, open spaces, transportation options, and community infrastructure, which impact the overall health of a community and individuals. core features of the tool include infrastructure, walkability, bikeability, recreational sites, and food.

performance measurement

relies on collecting data to measure a program’s performance. is typically ongoing and is conducted by stakeholders involved in the program.

program evaluation

will consider predetermined goals, activities completed, and a determination of whether the activities led to the goal being met. looks at the program as a whole and will examine how a program is operating and determine what the overall impact of the program is. is less frequent and would be done after a program has been fully implemented

impact reports

a communication outlining the outcomes of a community project. can help disseminate meaningful information in the community. will discuss what differences in the community have been made as a result of the program and how that has impacted community members. reports should be made available to the community and may be shared through a variety of mediums, including social media, newspapers, websites, and other news outlets.

million hearts program

example of community program with the goal of preventing one million strokes and heart attacks over the next five years. focuses on evidence-based strategies to improve cardiovascular health for the prevention of stroke and heart attack.

the high five initiative

a nonprofit local program addressing pollution in the Chesapeake Bay area. the goal of the program is the preservation of the natural environment. efforts of the program include the removal of trash and debris from the Chesapeake Bay, increasing recycling efforts, and monitoring water quality.