Ancient Cities

Ancient Cities

Mohenjo-Daro

An ancient city located in Southern Pakistan’s Indus River Valley, established around 2500 BC, with approximately 35,000 residents and extensive infrastructure.

Ancient Babylonia

A historical region in Southern Mesopotamia, near modern-day Iraq, known for its culture, religion, and military power, existing from 2000 BC to 500 BC.

Hippodamus of Miletus

An ancient Greek architect and urban planner, considered the "father" of urban planning, known for the Hippodamian plan of city layouts.

Hippodamian Plan

An urban planning concept characterized by streets intersecting at right angles, promoting order and regularity in city layouts.

Miletus

An ancient city located on the Ionian coast of modern Turkey, known for its cooling strategy in urban planning to optimize airflow.

Roman Cities

Cities that emphasized transportation for commerce and communication, featuring a master plan with a square pattern dominated by civic buildings.

Roman Camp at Timgad

A military city layout in Algeria, divided into quadrants by primary roads, exemplifying the orderly design of Roman cities.

Ancient Cities Planning Bases

Four bases of city planning established by ancient cities:physical, political, economic, and social.

Medieval Town

Characterized by an irregular plan adapting to terrain, with defensive walls and a focus on trade and defense during the Middle Ages.

Renaissance Cities

Cities designed with an axis style, featuring embellished centers and formal open spaces, reflecting the radiance of monarchs.

Urban Planning Response

The development of urban planning in response to the rise of capitalist society and centralized monarchies during the 16th century.

Industrial Revolution

A period of rapid urban growth and industrialization from 1800 to 1940, leading to significant social and economic challenges in cities.

Effects of Industrial Revolution

Issues such as congestion, pollution, and poor living conditions resulting from rapid urbanization and mechanization.

Dr John Snow

A physician known for mapping cholera outbreaks in London, establishing a connection between the disease and contaminated water sources.

Public Health Acts

Legislation passed in the 19th century to address urban health issues, including the Public Health Act of 1848 and the Sanitary Act of 1866.