Organic Chem Exam 1 Vocab

Constitutional Isomers

same chemical formula, different connections

Resonance

molecules don’t rotate, move, or change bond angles, only arrangement of e^- change

Delocalized

state when e^- are spread out across atoms in resonance

Localized

state when e^- are “stuck” between 2 atoms (in a bond) or on an atom (lone pair)

Vinylic

carbons in a double bond

Allylic

carbons “next-door” to a double bond

Allylic Lone Pair

lone pair → π bond, π bond → lone pair

Allylic Carbocation

π bond → π bond “next door”

Lone Pair Adjacent to a Carbocation

lone pair → π bond

Pi Bond Between 2 Atoms of Differing Electronegativity

π bond → Oxygen (ex.)

Conjugated Pi Bonds Enclosed in Ring

π bonds rotate one space about an enclosed ring of carbons

Locant

a number that indicates the position

Torsional Strain

energy cost associated with the loss of the eclipsed conformation

Steric Interaction

e^- clouds are too close and repel each other

gauche

steric interaction only found in staggered confromation

Stereoisomer

same chemical formula, differ in spatial arrangement

Conformers (Confirmational Isomers)

same chemical formula, different conformation