chapter 15 continued

myopia

nearsightedness, concave lens, eyeball is too long

hyperopia

farsightness eye is too short and conve lens

astigmatism

uneual curvutures in different parts of cornea or lens

anosmias

olfactory disorders

vallate papillae

largest taste bud

fungirform paillae

scattered across tonque

foliate papillae

side of walls

sweet sour salty bitter umami

5 basic taste sensation

external, internal, middle

3 major areas

outer ear

hearing only

middle ear

hearing only

inner ear

hearing and equilibrium

auricle

pinna shell shaped strcuture surronding ear canal that fucntions to funnel sound waves into canal

helix

cartilaginous rim

lobule

fleshy earlobe

external acoustic meatus

earwax, sound waves, short surved tube lined with skin bearin ghairs

tympanic membrane

eardrum and boundary betwen external and middle ears

middle ear

small mucosa lined cavity in tempral bone

Epitympanic recess

superior portion of middle ear

Mastoid antrum

canal for communication with mastoid air cells in mastoid process

otitis media

middle ear inflammation

cochlea

spiral concial bony chamber size of a split pea

frequency

compelet wave cycles

wavelentghs

distance

phantosmia

percviev a odor that does not exist

static

not in moton

dynamic

motion

maculae

sesnory recpetor organ that monitor static equilibrium

motion sickness

sensory inpputs are mismatches

deafness

hearing loss

conduction deafness

blocked sound conduction to fluid in external ear

tinnitus

ringing, buzzing, or clicking

presbycusis

loss of high pitch perception occurs first