Medical Terminology - Diseases of the Female Reproductive System

anovulation

failure of the ovary to release an ovum

oophoritis

inflammation of an ovary

polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

the bilateral presence of multiple cysts caused by a hormonal abnormality that leads to the secretion of androgens; can lead to acne, facial hair, and infertility

hematosalpinx

a condition of blood in the fallopian tubes

hydrosalpinx

a condition of fluid in the fallopian tubes

pyosalpinx

a condition of pus in the fallopian tubes

salpingitis

inflammation of the fallopian tubes

endometritis

inflammation of the endometrium

endometriosis

abnormal condition of the endometrium

hysteroptosis

when the uterus is dislocated from its normal location in the body

retroflexion of the uterus

when the uterus is bent backwards

cervicitis

inflammation of the cervix

leukorrhea

a white discharge, typically as a result of a cervical inflammation

vaginal prolapse

a downward displacement of the vagina

vaginitis

inflammation of the vagina

vulvitis

inflammation of the vulva

vulvodynia

pain of the vulva with no known cause

vulvovaginitis

inflammation of the vulva and the vagina

galactorrhea

abnormal discharge of milk from the breast

mastitis

inflammation of the breast

mastoptosis

a downward displacement of the breast

thelitis

also called acromastitis; inflammation of the nipple

dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)

abnormal uterine bleeding not caused by a tumor, inflammation, or pregnancy

menorrhagia

abnormal heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding; may be a sign of fibroids

metrorrhagia

uterine bleeding other than from menstruation

menometrorrhagia

excessive menstrual flow and uterine bleeding other than from menstruation

premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

a mood disorder that includes depression, irritability, fatigue, changes in appetite or sleep, and difficulty concentrating; occurs 1-2 weeks before each menstrual flow

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

a group of symptoms that occur in some women on a cyclic basis; symptoms include breast pain, fluid retention, headache, and a lack of coordination

amenorrhea

the absence of menstruation

dysmenorrhea

a painful menstrual flow

oligomenorrhea

abnormal light or infrequent menstrual flow

polymenorrhea

abnormal frequent menstrual flow

agalactia

a condition in which the mother cannot produce milk

cephalopelvic disproportion

a condition in which the infant’s head is larger than the pelvic outlet it passes through; often an indication for a cesarean section

eclampsia

an extreme form of hypertension secondary to pregnancy

preeclampsia

an abnormal condition of pregnancy with an unknown cause; characterized by hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema (swelling); another name for this condition is Toxemia of pregnancy

miscarriage/abortion

the termination of a pregnancy before a fetus is born; a spontaneous abortion is a miscarriage; a therapeutic abortion is when the miscarriage is induced

ectopic pregnancy

an implantation of the embryo anywhere but the uterus

meconium staining

fetal defectation while in utero

nuchal cord

a condition in which the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck of a neonate

endometrial hyperplasia

excessive development of cells in the endometrium

leiomyoma of the uterus

also called a fibroid; a smooth muscle tumor that is not painful

mature teratoma of the ovary

also called a dermoid cyst; a noncancerous ovarian growth that arises from germ cells

ovarian cyst

a benign fluid-filled sac on the ovary

endometrial adenocarcinoma

the most common type of uterine cancer; develops from cells that line the uterus

squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

most common cervical cancer; caused by HPV

infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC)

most common type of breast cancer; arises from cells that line the milk ducts