1st Quarter Vocab - World Civ

Prehistory

refers to the time before writing existed

Anthropologists

examine artifacts and study culture

Archaeologists

discoverer artifacts and date them

Homo Habilis

handy-man

Homo Erectus

upright-man

Animism

everything in nature has spirits

domesticate

is not the same as tamed, it’s under human control, you can have domesticated animals that aren’t tamed

Ex: flowers in flower beds, pigs in farms, grass on sports fields

food surplus

more food than what is needed

Job specialization

people are able to have different jobs

Civilization

a complex and organized society, usually a network of cities with something in common

Cultural diffusion

spread of languages, customs, technology

barter system

system to exchange goods

hunter gather/nomads

follow food source

slash and burn farming

burn vegetation to clear land for farming

City-state

a city that acts more like its own country

glyphs

writing that represent objects and sounds

tribute

taxes in form of feathers, crops, blankets, etc.

chinampas

piled soil on rafts; “floating rafts”

Mita

“labor tax” women could make clothing for Inca army, men had to work for government farms, mines, or build roads

quipu

colored ropes with knots to represent value

allyus

groups of 10 ayllus answered to a chief who then reported to higher level of government

Polytheistic

belief of multiple Gods

Mortar

the paste you use between bricks to make it stick

Fertile Crescent

large band of fertile land in Southwest Asia. Located in middle of deserts and mountains

Mesopotamia

between the rivers in Greek; area between Tigris and Euphrates

ziggurat

pyramid like structure at heart of temple

city-state

political unit with own government; City that acts more like a country/ is its own country

polytheism

worship of many gods

dynasty

series of rulers from one family

cuneiform

wedge-shaped symbols on clay tablets

Hammurabi

created 282 laws; written in a “If then” style

Indo-Europeans

several tribes who spoke related language originate in Europe and stretch to Asia

The OG Seven Wonders

great pyramid at giza, statue of zeus, mausoleum at Halicarnassus, lighthouse of alexandria, The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, The Colossus of Rhods

Egypt

“black land”; comes from appearance of the rich soil

Ka

name Egyptians had for people’s soul, when you died; would go to the land of the dead

Mummification

prevented breakdown of body, at first only done for the rich but eventually anyone who could afford

Great sphinx

body of lion, head of person

Hieroglyphics

pictures that represent objects, sounds, ideas

Zoroastrianism

Religion based on teachings of Zoroaster, God’s name was Ahura Mazda

dualism

belief world is controlled by two forces, good (Mazda) and evil (Ahriman)

Royal Road

1,500 miles long linking major cities

Nubia

South of Egypt where Blue Nile and White Nile connect (Sudan today)

Which 7 wonders of the world is this?

Great Pyramid at Giza

Which 7 wonders of the world is this?

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia

Which 7 wonders of the world is this?

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

Which 7 wonders of the world is this?

The Lighthouse of Alexandria

Which 7 wonders of the world is this?

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Which 7 wonders of the world is this?

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

Which 7 wonders of the world is this?

The Colossus of Rhodes