Unit 4 Ch.22: Applications of Genetic engineering and biotechnology

what are genetically modified organisms?

manipulated DNA in vitro introduced into living organisms to alter organisms

genetic engineering

alteration of an organism’s genome usually using rDNA

what is biotechnology?

uses living organisms to create products or processes that help improve life

applications of biotechnology

microbes to make products

biopharmaceutical products

agriculture

engineered animals

genetic testing

genome analysis

synthetic genomes

what is biopharming

recombinant protein production to treat disease, recombinant human proteins expressed in many cell types and purified

how was molecular cloning used to artificially produce insulin

Preproinsulin, processed after translation makes mature insulin molecule composed of A and B chains disulfide linked

insulin

protein hormone which regulates glucose metabolism