prophetic books exam

Ai

Canaanite city conquered by Israel under Joshua, cite of Achan’s sin

Canaan

conquered by Israel under Joshua

Gilgal

Israelite camp near Jericho where Israelites renewed their covenant with God after passing the Jordan

Hebron

Where David ruled Judah from

Jericho

Israel conquered under Joshua and marched around it after its walls fell

Jerusalem

conquered by David and established as the capital of Israel

Jordan River

Israelites crossed with Joshua to enter the promised land

Mount Ebal

mountain where Joshua built the Altar, Israel heard the covenant curses

Mount Gerizim

pronouncement of the covenant’s blessings

Ornan’s threshing floor

location David built Altar, after the census plague

Samaria

capital of Northern Kingdom of Israel established by King Omri

Shechem

covenant renewal location where Joshua gathered Israel and where Rehoboam’s kingship was challenged

Tirzah

early capital of Northern Israel Kingdom before Samaria

Amarna letters

diplomatic correspondence between Egypt and Canaan which has information about Canaan before the Israel Monarchy

Egyptian Wasf

Egyptian description of places and geographic locations

Instruction of Amenemope

Egyptian wisdom text that has similar teachings as Proverbs

Mesha Stela

Moabite inscription describing King Mesha’s rebellion against Israel, references King Omri

Nineveh Omen Tablets

Assyrian tablets for interpreting Omens

Tel Dan Inscription

Aramaic inscription that references the House of David

Ahavah

Hebrew for abiding love

Dod

Hebrew for passionate love

Riyan

Hebrew for friendship love

Hesed

Hebrew for faithful love

Covenant lawsuit

prophetic message in which God brings charges against Israel for breaking the covenant

Eleph

Hebrew for thousand (or military unit)

Hallelujah

Hebrew for praise the Lord

Harem

collection of a kings wives and concubines

Messiah

Hebrew for “anointed one” - someone chosen for a special role

Oracle

a person who delivered a prophetic message

Parallelism

Hebrew poetry technique that expresses related/contrasting ideas

Proverb

short statement expressing wisdom or a life lesson

Selah

Hebrew for Lift up

Tehillim

Hebrew for the book of Psalms

Zion

name associated with Jerusalem as God’s holy city and dwelling place

Ahijah

prophet that announced Jeroboam I’s son would die because of the sins of Jeroboam’s household

Amos

means to bear a load; condemned social injustice, corruption, and religious hypocrisy in Northern Israel

Elijah

prophet that challenged King Ahab and the worship of Ball, confrontation with the prophets of Baal on mount Carmel (whichever God would bring fire to the altar)

Elisha

“My God saves” Elijah’s successor, performed miracles and continued God’s prophetic work in Israel

Gad

“fortune” advised David, confronted him after census

Hannah

“The Lord’s favor”- Mother of Samuel, who prayed for a child and dedicated him to God’s service

Hosea

“Saving”- Marriage to Gomer represents Israel’s unfaithfulness to God and God’s continued love for Israel

Joel

“YHWH will be God”- prophet that described locusts, and plague, called Israel to repent and promised God’s restoration and spirit

Jonah

sent to Nineveh, resisted the Lord’s calling initially

Joshua

“The Lord Saves”- successor of Moses, led Israel into Canaan

Micaiah

told King Ahab the truth about his impending defeat

Nathan

“Gift”- prophet who contronted David over his adultery with Bathsheba and the murder of Uriah, later supported Solomon

Unnamed prophet from Judah

Confronted Feroboam I at Bethel over unauthorized altar and religious practices

Abijah

King of Judah who fought against Jeroboam I of Israel

Abimelech

son of Gideon killed brothers to become king, dies during rebellion

Absalom

“Father’s well being”- son of David, attempted to take the throne before being killed by Joab

Adonijah

“YHWH is my Lord”- son of David, attempted to claim throne before Solomon

Ahab

King of Israel, promoted worship of Baal

Ahaziah

“Lord takes”- king of Israel that continued the wicked practices of Ahab (dies after falling through lattice)

Amaziah

king of Judah, defeated by King Jehoash of Israel

Ammon

“people’s son”- son of David, raped half-sister (Tamar), later murdered by Absalom

Athaliah

“afflicting the Lord”- Queen of Judah, tried to take throne and destroy the royal family before being overthrown

Barak

military leader, worked with Deborah (Lord’s Bee) to defeat Canaanites under Sisera

Bathsheba

“daughter of oath”- woman David committed adultery with, mother of Solomon and queen mother

Boaz

“his strength”- wealthy relative of Naomi, married Ruth, ancestor of David

Caleb

faithful Israelite spy who trusted God’s promise, received Hebron as inheritance

David

“Beloved”- second king of Israel when united, captured Jerusalem and established the royal dynasty the Messiah would come from

Ehud

“son of my right hand” - left-handed judge, assassinated Moabite king Eglon (fat king), delivered Israel from Moabites

Eli

“My God”- priest who raised Samuel, but failed to restrain corrupt sons

Gideon

Judge who defeated Midianites with only 300 men after God told him to reduce his army

Hophni and Phinehas

corrupt sons of Eli, abused priestly positions, died when Philistines captured the Ark

Hoshea

last king of Northern kingdom of Israel before Assyrian conquest

Jehoram

“Lord lifts”- King of Judah, married in Ahab of Israel’s family, promoted worship of Baal

Jehosheba

woman who rescued infant Joash from Athaliah

Jehoshaphat

King of Judah, generally followed God and partnered with Ahab

Jephthah

Judge who defeated the ammonites, but made tragic vow involving his daughter

Jeroboam I

first king of northern kingdom after division, established golden calves at Bethel and Dan

Jeroboam II

King of Israel during territorial expansion and prosperity, despite widespread social injustice

Jezebel

wife of Ahab, promoted Baal, persecuted God’s prophets

Joab

David’s military leader, killed many

Joash

“Lord gives”- king of Judah, restored Temple under Jehoiada’s guidance

Jonathan

Solomon’s son, David’s friend, supported David’s kingship

Jotham

king of Judah, generally fallowed God, father of Ahaz

Mephibosheth

“from mouth of shame”- Jonathan’s son, showed kindness by David

Michal

Saul’s daughter, David’s wife, criticized him for dancing before the Ark

Naaman

Aramean military leader healed of leprosy by following Elisha’s instructions

Naomi

“pleasant”- Ruth’s mother in law, returned to Bethlehem after the loss of her husband and sons

Othniel

first judge of Israel, delivered Israelites from king Aram

Omri

king of Israel, established Samaria as capital, powerful dynasty, killed by Jehu (“He is Lord”)

Rahab

“broad”- woman in Jericho who protected Israelite spies

Rehoboam

son of Solomon, harsh policies divided the kingdom

Ruth

“considerate friend”- Moabite, loyal to Naomi, married Boaz, ancestor of David

Samson

divinely given physical strength, captured by philistines

Samuel

“God hears”- phrophet/judge that anointed Saul and David as kings, guided Israel through transition to Monarchy

Saul

first king of Israel who disobeyed God and lost favor and kingship

Solomon

“asked for it”- son of David, became king, built Temple in Jerusalem, known for great wisdom before turning to foreign gods

Uriah

Hittite soldier, husband of Bathsheba whom David arranged to have killed in battle

Uzziah

king of Judah, experienced prosperitey but became prideful, struck with skin desease after unlawfully entering Temple to burn incense

1006 BCE

David becomes king, initially ruling over Judah.

966 BCE

Solomon becomes king and begins construction of the Temple in Jerusalem.

956 BCE

Solomon completes construction of the Temple in Jerusalem.

926 BCE

The united monarchy divides into the northern kingdom of Israel and southern kingdom of Judah after Solomon's death.

786 BCE

Jeroboam II begins his reign over Israel, marking a period of territorial expansion and prosperity.