Nursing Theory, Culture, Education, Scope of Practice, and Student Health Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering nursing models, theories, cultural concepts, nursing education, legal scope of practice, board disciplines, and student health.

Medical Model of Care

A curative care model focusing on treating the cells of the body, stabilizing patients, planning for future health issues, and ordering diets, medications, and other treatments.

Nursing Model of Care

A care model focusing on transpersonal caring that goes beyond the cellular level to treat the patient holistically.

Nursing Theory

Also known as a conceptual model or nursing model, an attempt to describe or explain the nature of nursing that provides a foundation for and guides nursing practice.

Florence Nightingale's Theory

A theory holding that environment affects health, health is being free from disease, and nurses must put patients in the best condition for nature to act on them.

Virgina Henderson's Theory

A theory stating that health is basic to human functioning, independence depends on health, and 14 components of basic nursing care must be individualized for each patient.

Dorthea Orem's Theory

A self-care theory centered on universal self-care requisites, where nurses help patients meet self-care deficits through three categories of nursing interventions.

Betty Neuman's Health Care Systems Model

A model stating that understanding a person requires considering everything about them, health is maintained using energy to balance stress, and nurses aim to identify and eliminate stressors.

Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model

A model stating that stress is produced by a changing environment, adaptability determines health, and the nurse's goal is to help the person cope.

Dr. Jean Watson's Theory

A theory devoted to the science of human caring and high touch caring, extending care intentions beyond the cellular level to the entire person.

High Touch Nursing Care

Transpersonal nursing care in which the nurse respects the whole person and extends care beyond the cellular level.

Caring Moment

A moment in Jean Watson's caring theory when the nurse and patient share something personal while nursing care is taking place.

Caritas

The caring aspect of nursing care, contrasted with curative nursing care in Dr. Jean Watson's theory.

Nursing Process

A systematic, organized method of providing nursing care through five steps: assess, diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate.

Culture

Shared values, beliefs, customs, rituals, attitudes, roles, and behaviors passed from generation to generation.

Transcultural Nursing

A practice focused on respecting other cultures and adapting care to preserve, accommodate, or repattern the patient's culture.

Cultural Awareness

The recognition that cultural differences exist between people and that patients may have different beliefs, values, and health practices.

Cultural Sensitivity

Respecting and being considerate of cultural differences without judging patients.

Cultural Competence

The ability to effectively provide care that meets social, cultural, and communication needs of patients; the action step of cultural care.

Ethnic Characteristics

Traits of cultural subgroups that depend on education, geographic location, and the number of members in the group.

Race

A physical distinction among groups, categorized into major groups on census surveys.

Ballard School in New York

A YWCA program that offered a 3-month course in practical nursing education.

Professional

Someone qualified for a specific occupation who studies theory, subscribes to a code of ethics, participates in organizational activities/research, and works independently.

Nonprofessional

In nursing education terminology, a term that refers specifically to educational preparation.

Scope of Practice

The tasks and duties legally permitted for a nurse, defined by state laws, employer rules, and professional standards.

Practical Nursing Program

An educational program approximately 10 to 18 months in length (1,200 to 1,800 hours) preparing students to function under the supervision of an RN, physician, dentist, or nurse practitioner.

NAPNES

National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service; sets nursing practice standards and outlines competencies for new graduate LPNs in communication, assessment, planning, caring interventions, and managing.

NALPN

National Association of Licensed Practical Nurses; outlines nursing practice standards for LPN/LVNs in education, legal/ethical status, practice, continuing education, and specialized practice.

Mandatory Licensing

A legal requirement that protects the public from untrained people and upholds nursing standards set by law.

NCLEX-PN

National Council Licensure Examination for practical nurses; the single licensing exam for LPN/LVNs used in all states.

Licensure By Endorsement

The process of obtaining a license to work in another state without retaking the licensing exam.

Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC)

A legal agreement between states that recognizes a nurse's license across state lines, allowing for interstate practice.

Enhanced Nurse Licensure Compact (eNLC)

A multistate licensure agreement with 11 uniform requirements allowing nurses to practice in person or via telehealth across compact states.

Censure

The least restrictive disciplinary sanction, acting as a public reprimand permanently kept in the licensee's file.

Probation

A disciplinary sanction that places terms and conditions on a nurse's license for up to 5 years.

Suspension

A disciplinary sanction requiring a nurse to cease practicing for a period not to exceed 3 years.

Revocation

The most restrictive disciplinary sanction, resulting in immediate loss of the nursing license and prohibition from practice.

Dr. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A theory identifying five categories of human needs ordered from simple to complex, requiring lower needs to be met before moving up to higher needs.

Physical Health

The absence of disease, pain, or abnormal condition, which constantly changes, adapts, and is maintained through regular checkups and preventive care.

Stress

A condition of tension between two forces that produces a bodily reaction requiring a response.

Problem Solving System

A method to solve problems by understanding the problem, determining the cause, selecting a solution and acting, and evaluating results.