Global Migration

Migration

• movement of people across borders

• several factors drive people to move from one country to another

factors: economic opportunities, political instability, cultural changes, and social networks

International Migrant

united nations defined it as any person who has changed his or her country of residence. this includes all mirgrants regardless of their legal status or nature or motive or their movement

Political Factors

• immigration policies, international relations, and governance structures

• political instabilty, conflict and presecution - primary drivers of forced migration, compellling individuals to seek safety and asylum in other countries

Cultural Factors

includes shared language, religion, and historical ties, which facilitate the movement of people across borders

Cultural Affinity

can ease the integration process and provide migrants with a sense of belonging in their new environment

Cultural Factors

• Language and Communication

• Religion and Ethnicity

  • Historical and Colonial Ties

Economic Factors

• migrating to find better job opportunities, high salaries, and improved quality of life

• developed countries often face labor problems, creating demand for foreign workers

Social Factors

• Family Reunification - immigration policies that allow and prioritze family reunification

• Social Networks - networks providing housing, job listing, and emotional supprt in compromise for family, friends, etc

• Community Support and Integration - assist migrants in integrating into their new environments

Types of Migration

Internal Migration - people move within a country

External Migration - people move from different countries or regions from one geographic location to another

Intentions of Migration

• forced - diverse range of causes such as coercion, conflict and disasters

• displacement - forced to leave to avoid conflict, violations, and environmental dangers

• voluntary - migrants leave willingly with permission from their country’s legal authorities

Immigration

• the act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country (‘arriving a country‘)

• those who look for opportunities and a better life outside their country of origin

Emigration

• the act of leaving one’s country to settle permanently in another (‘leaving‘)

• process of leaving one’s original country before they settle on their new destination

Factors Drivers of Migration

• Push Factors - reaons why people leave their residence/home country

• Pull Factors - certain preferences that can cause people to migrate to a different country

Drivers of Migration

• Macro-Level Drivers: economics, demographics, social, political, and environmental

• Micro-Level Drivers: factors like age, gender, and income level that determine how the macro factors influence migration decisions at the personal or household (micro) level

Interevening Factors

facilitate or impede migration (mesolevel factors), including the human, financial, physical and psycological benefits and cost of moving, and the emigration and immigration policies that make some forms of migration easier and others harder

Challanges Faced Abroad

• Emotional Toll

• Workplace Hardships

• Financial Preassure

Coping Mechanism and Resilience

• Support Systems

• Self-Reliance and Faith

• Long-Term Goals