CSA extermities

Shoulder joint

• enarthrodial or ball and socket

Two bones that make up shoulder joint

• clavicle and scapula

Medial attachment of shoulder

• to the trunk via SC joint

Lateral attach of the shoulder

• glenoid fossa of scapula (THE JOINT)

Scapula

• Forms the posterior part of the bony shoulder

Parts of the shoulder

• acromion, coracoid, glenoid process and fossa

Acromion

• originates from the spine on POSTERIOR SURFACE of scapula

  • ARTICULATES WITH DISTAL CLAVICLE (AC)

Coracoid process

• lateral edge of the SUPERIOR ANTERIOR portion of the scapula

Glenoid process

• lateral portion of scapula

Glenoid fossa

• depression inside the outer edge of the process

Articular cartilage

• covers the glenoid cavity and head of humerus

  • PROVIDES SMOOTH SURFACE FOR JOINT

Glenoid labrum

• surrounds the fossa

• DEEPENS the fossa and PROTECTS the bone

Ligament

• attaches BONE TO BONE

Tendon

• attaches MUSCLE TO BONE

Muscle

• a BAND OR BUNDLE OF FIBROUS TISSUE that has the ability to contract

  • Usually attached to bone by ya of ligaments or tendon

Deltiod

• upper surface of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula to the deltiod tubercle of humerus

Movement of the deltoid

• ABDUCTS and ROTATES arm MEDIALLY AND LATERALLY

Trapezius

• spinous process of CERVICAL and THORACIC spine to clavicle, medal acromion and spine of scapula

Movement of trapezius

• ADDUCTS AND ROTATES SCAP

Muscles of the rotator cuff (supraspinatus)

• ABDUCTS ARM

  • Supra. Fossa to the GREATER TUBERCLE

Muscle of the rotator cuff (SUBSCAPULARIS)

• SUB. Fossa to the LESSER tubercle of humerus and joint of shoulder

  • ROTATES ARM MEDIALLY

Muscle of rotator cuff (INFRASPINATUS)

• INFRA. Fossa of scapula inserting into the greater

  • ROTATES ARM LATERALLY

Muscles of the rotator cuff (TERES MINOR)

• axiallary border of scapula inserting into greater

  • ROTATES ARM LATERALLY AS WELL AS ADDUCTS

Elbow

• ginglymus (HINGE)

• Distal humerus articulating with proximal ends of radius and ulna

What epicondyles is longer and thinner

• medial

Trochela

• below the MEDIAL epicondyles

• Articulating surface of distal humerus with trochlear notch of ulna

Capitulum

• small eminence of bone below the LATERAL epicondyle

• Articulates with FOVEA on radial head

Parts of the ulna

• olecranon process

  • MOST PROXIMAL portion (BEHIND DISTAL HUMERUS)

• Coronoid process

  • On PROXIMAL end of ulna (ANTERIOR)

• Trochlear notch

  • Surface on the olecranon and coronoid process

HIP

• Enarthrodial (BALL)

• Junction of lower limbs with pelvic gridle

• JOINTS= femur, ilium, ischium, pubis

• WIDE range of motion

Iliopsoas

• the TRANSVERSE process of L1-L5, upper iliac fossa to the LESSER trochanter

  • FLEX AND ROTATE LATERALLY

Gluteus Maximus

• the upper ilium to the gluteal tuberosity of the FEMUR

  • EXTENDS AND ROTATES LATERALLY

Knee

• Ginglymus (HINGE)

• Femoropatellar joint= ARTHRODIAL OR GLIDING

(LIGAMENT OF KNEE) ACL

• extending from ANTERIOR INTERCONDYLAR fossa to the back of the LATERAL condyle

• IN IMAGE IT IS THE LINE THAT RUNS DOWN THE LATERAL SIDE

Medial collateral

• extending from medial condyle to the medial condyle and body of the tibia

• Prevents LATERAL bending and HYPEREXTENSION

Lateral collateral

• extending from lateral fem condyle to the head and styloid process of fibula

• Aids in HYPEREXTENSION

Meniscus

• medial and lateral

  • ACTS AS SHOCK ABSORBERS AND STABILIZES KNEE

• MEDIAL= crescent

• Lateral+ nearly circle

Ankle

• ginglymus (HINGE)

  • Region of ARTICULATION between the lower leg and foot

Calcaneous

• art with TALUS AND CUBOID

• Carries 25% of body weight when standing

Talus

• most PROXIMAL tarsal bone

• Art with TIB and FIB (ANKLE JOINT)

Cuboid

• LATERAL aspect of foot

• Articulates with TALUS

Navicular

• between the 3 CUNIEFORMS

• Bones on the MEDIAL side of the foot and the TALUS

Cuneifroms

• there are 3

• Between the Navicular and bases of the 1st metatarsal

LIGAMENT OF KNEE: PCL

• extending from POSTERIOR intercondylar fossa to the back f the MEDIAL condyle

• BIG BLACK DOT IN CENTER OF IMAGE