Physics ch.16 (exam 3)

simple harmonic motion

• The object returns to a given position after a certain time period (the period)

• Simple harmonic motion occurs when the restoring force is proportional to the displacement (as in Hooke’s law)

• F = (-k) (delta x)

• The force always points toward the equilibrium position

• The motion will then repeat indefinitely

when block is displaced to the right of equilibrium

• force exerted by the spring acts to the left

when block is displaced to the left of equilibrium

• force exerted by the spring acts to the right

when block is at equilibrium

• force exerted by the spring is zero

Position of spring vs. time

• follows a cosine function

fast oscillations

• Large frequency and small period

slow oscillations

• Small frequency and large period

Max velocity

• occurs as the oscillator passes through x = 0

• biggest slope

Max acceleration

• occurs when the oscillator is at x = A

• highest force

frequency depends on

• The period (or frequency) of mass-spring system is related only to the stiffness (k) of the spring and the inertia (m) of the system

• The motion does not depend on amplitude or gravity

• True for vertical or horizontal systems