Lap 4 Civil War American History ACP

1. Following Lincoln’s election, which state seceded first? Total #?

South Carolina; 11 states seceded

2. Who became the president of the Confederacy? Capital?

Jefferson Davis; Richmond, Virginia

3. What did the Confederate constitution support (3)?

protected slavery

guaranteed states right

removed protective tariffs

4. What is the political and strategic importance of border states?

They were slave states that stayed in the union.

Their location, resources, and population were important to winning the war.

5. What did Lincoln vow to do in his inaugural speech?

Preserve the Union and not interfere with slavery where is already existed.

6. What were the North’s strengths? Weaknesses?

Strengths: Larger population, more factories, railroads, and supplies

Weaknesses: Had to invade and conquer the South

7. What were the South’s strengths? Weaknesses?

Strengths: Strong military leader, fighting on familiar land, and defending their home.

Weaknesses: Fewer people, and the Union blockade

8. What did the CSA need to create to be successful? Challenges to success?

*Who should win the Civil War?

Why did Lincoln not send troops to the South immediately after his inauguration?

He wanted to avoid starting a war and hoped to keep the Union together peacefully.

10. What event began the Civil War? Why fired upon?

The attack on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861.

Confederates fired because Union troops occupied a fort in Confederate territory.

11. Why did Lincoln not ask Congress to declare war?

He considered the Confederacy a rebellion, not separate country.

12. Identify main points of the Union’s Anaconda plan:

Blockade southern ports

Control rivers to get into the Deep South

Capture Richmond

Destroy their ability to fight

13. Identify main point of the South’s plan:

DON’T LOSE

Defend its territory, wear down the North, and gain foreign support

14. Which side was winning at first? How did it impact Lincoln’s administration?

The South/Confederate winning at first

How:

15. What was the first big battle of the war?

The First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) in July 1861

16. How did Union forces learn about Lee’s plans in MD?

Union soldiers found a copy of Lee’s orders wrapped around three cigars.

17. What was the military “outcome” of the battle at Antietam?

Bloodiest single day (high casualties)

Major invasion of North/ Union territory

18. After Antietam, what did Lincoln believe it was now time to issue?

Lincoln can issue the Emancipation Proclamation

19. Why would the Emancipation Proclamation go into effect in January?

Lincoln gave the Confederacy time to return to the Union before January 1, 1863.

20. Why did Lincoln not free all slaves everywhere? Who was freed?

Why: He wanted to preserve the Union and keep border states loyal.

Who: All persons held as slaves within any state or designated part of a state that is in rebellion.

21. What would Freedmen now be allowed to do in the army?

Enlist and serve as Union soldiers.

22. Victory at Antietam and the Proclamation also influenced which other gov’ts?

encourage British to NOT get involved in the Civil War

23. Why was Union victory at Gettysburg a turning point (2)?

• It stopped Lee’s invasion of the North.

• It weakened the Confederacy and boosted Union morale.

24. What was the main idea(s) of the Gettysburg Address?

Lee’s last major attempt

Helps protect Washington D.C.

First National Cemetery (for all the dead soliders)

25. Name 3 reasons Union victory at Vicksburg was important:

• The Union gained control of the Mississippi River.

• The Confederacy was split in two.

• Union troops getting into deep south (Georgia)

26. 1864-- Contrast new Union strategies of total war and war of attrition:

Attrition: Make them use up there supplies, men, and resources

Total War: Making hard of civilian, trying to defeat Southern moral.