LADY DAY ESSAY STUFF

melody point

Using narrow vocal ranges and chromatic runs, pine creates contrast between expressive complexity and vocal simplicity.

melody main points

1. Narrow-range lines

2. Chromatic solos

melody effects points

1. Maximising 'singability' and making the tune more memorable, common feature of pop music. Simple melody, CATCHY.

2. During instrumental solo, pine uses extensive chromatic movement 3 times, ascending and also descending. Chromatic runs gives sense of continuous forward motion to the piece.

melody WL points

1. BY YOUR SIDE- sade. Narrow range of minor 6th in chorus, from A to F. allows for more catchy melodies that can be sung by the general public- no high-level singing skills required. Very popular.

2. THE JAZZSTEP- courtney pine. Same album. After long held high note, extensive sax solo includes lots of chromatic movement embedded within, adding sophistication and complexity

harmony point

Pine manipulates the conventions of blues harmony to create a sense of tension and unpredictability.

harmony main points

1. Use of modified 12-bar blues

2. Harmony shifts by a semitone and back again in coda

harmony effects points

1. First 8 bars of 12-bar blues are doubled in harmonic rhythm (slower), creating spacious, grounded atmosphere. Turnaround however is half the harmonic rate (faster), while extended multiple times, with a Bb^13 chord added in twice to embellish the end of the verse. Delays expected resolution, creating anticipation for the listener. Very common of jazz music.

2. Coda- from Bb^13 to B^13 and back again. Avoiding a completely conventional resolution and giving a lift to the ending. Semitone movement makes this feel much more abrupt and expressive. Again common.

harmony WL points

1. BLUE MONK- thelonious monk. Uses 12-bar blues modified. In his intro, he uses the rough pattern of I-I-I-I, IV-IV-I-I, V-IV-I-V, albeit with some extra chords in between, such as Eb in his first 4 bars. This is a very common technique used in jazz.

2. BLUE MONK- thelonious monk. Also ascends by semitone briefly in his 12-bar blues, from Eb7 to Edim7. much more brief and less deliberate in comparison to pine; much more subtle approach to add variation to the 12-bar blues.

sonority point

extensive use of techniques and features of both jazz and hip-hop music

sonority main points

1. prominent use of music technology

2. common jazz techniques

3. virtuosic jazz solos

sonority effects points

1. Equalisation used sampled conversation and turntable effects in the beginning. This gives a muffled effect. Sampled news of Stephen Lawrence's murder at the bus stop at end. Political references common in jazz.

2. Sliding up to a pitch and falling off a lot throughout the piece. Common technique- gives improvised feel.

3. The first solo after 2nd refrain. Note bending, wide controlled vibrato, glissando. Extremely virtuosic, gives improvised feel and shows the skill of pine on sop sax.

sonority WL points

1. DOOMSDAY- MF DOOM. Extensive use of turntable effects at beginning. Common technique of hip-hop music. RAPP SNITCH KNISHES- MF DOOM. Conversation sampled at the beginning. Another hip-hop common technique.

2. MY ONE AND ONLY LOVE- john coltrane + johnny hartman. Coltrane often slides up to pitches in his beginning solo, demonstrating this common technique.

3. THE JAZZSTEP- courtney pine. Slightly different style. Extended high-pitch note, wide controlled vibrato. Generally very difficult, showcases pine's expertise.