Nelson Biology 11 Chapter 2 (Bacteria & Protists)

Pathogens

Infectious Bacteria

Mutualism

Relationship between two species that live close to each other, both benefiting from the interaction

Plasmid

small loop of DNA that usually contains a small number of genes

Gram Stain

A dye used to identify gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

Autotrophic

Can produce their own food

Heterotrophic

Must get their nutrients rom other living organisms and remains

DNA

Nucleic acid found in some cells and viruses, carries genetic information

Virus

small, non-living particle

Capsid

protein coat that surrounds DNA or RNA of a virus

Bacteriophage

Virus that infects bacterial cells

Lysis

Opening of the cell, viruses are released from the host cell

Gene Therapy

Treatment of disease using viruses

Viroids

Small, infectious pieces of RNA that harm plants

Prions

Abnormally shaped infectious proteins that harm animals

Endosymbiosis

When one type of cell lives within another type of cell