chem 2125 lab quiz #4 study guide

over labs 10 and 11 (aldol, Michael, amine properties)

why is butylamine a stronger base than aniline?

aniline’s lone pairs on the nitrogen are resonance stabilized, w while butyl amine’s aren’t.

draw the reactions for the processes performed in the properties of amines experiment

amines that occur naturally in plants are called what? give examples of some

alkaloids. ex: nicotine, morphine, cocaine

what is a safety note to take into account when dealing with amines/

many are toxic substances and inhalation should be avoided

the reaction of primary aromatic amines with nitrous acid. forms diazonium salts

diazotization

during the properties of amines experiment, you must ensure you keep your reagents in 0-5 degrees celsius temperatures. why?

this is because aqueous solutions of diazonium salts can begin to lose nitrogen on warming and form phenols

what can happen if diazonium salt solutions are separated by filtration?

they can decompose explosively

diazonium salts react with phenols and tertiary aromatics amines to give these form of compounds

azo compounds via azo coupling

why can a melting point or percent yield not be determined for para red?

the product contains inorganic salts, which will throw off the melting point and percent yield

provide the equation to form the diazonium salt

provide the equation for the formation of p-iodonitrobenzene

provide the reaction formula for the preparation of para red

provide the mechanism for the formation of a nitrobenzene from a diazonium

draw the overall equation for the aldol and Michael condensation

provide the mechanism for Michael condensation

provide the mechanism for aldol condensation

what happens if acetone is dissolved in NaOH instead of EtOH?

self-aldol can occur

in the aldol experiment, why was the crude product washed with AcOH during vacuum filtration?

it helps neutralize any residual bases and remove impurities

why did you wash the crude product with water in aldol experiment?

it also helps remove residual bases and ensures no side reactions occur

reaction that combines two molecules while removing a small molecule like water or an alcohol

condensation reaction