hospital drug quiz 6

lorazepam

Ativan

diazepam

Valium; Diastat

midazolam

Versed; Nayzilam

flumazenil

Romazicon

fosphenytoin

Cerebyx

valproate sodium

N/A

phenytoin

Dilantin

levetiracetam

Keppra

phenobarbital

N/A

lacosamide

Vimpat

lorazepam (Ativan) therapeutic category

Benzodiazepine, C-IV

lorazepam (Ativan) counseling points

Indication(s): Commonly used for alcohol withdrawal syndrome

BBW: Use with opioids can result in sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death; risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction; to avoid withdrawal taper off slowly

Note(s): Antidote is flumazenil

diazepam (Valium, Diastat) therapeutic category

Benzodiazepine, C-IV

diazepam (Valium, Diastat) counseling points

Indication(s): Commonly used for alcohol withdrawal syndrome

BBW: Use with opioids can result in sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death; risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction; to avoid withdrawal taper off slowly

Note(s): Antidote is flumazenil

midazolam (Versed, Nayzilam) therapeutic category

Benzodiazepine, C-IV

midazolam (Versed, Nayzilam) counseling points

BBW: Respiratory depression, respiratory arrest

flumazenil (Romazicon) therapeutic category

Benzodiazepine Antidote

flumazenil (Romazicon) counseling points

Indication(s): Benzodiazepine reversal, procedural sedation or general anesthesia; benzodiazepine overdose

fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) therapeutic category

Antiseizure Agent

fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) counseling points

Warning(s): Extravasation risk

Note(s): Fosphenytoin IV should not exceed 150 mg PE/min; if given faster hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias may occur. Dose related toxicity: Nystagmus, ataxia, diplopia; prodrug of phenytoin

valproate sodium therapeutic category

Antiseizure agent

valproate sodium counseling points

BBW: Hepatic failure; risk of fetal harm; pancreatitis

phenytoin (Dilantin) therapeutic category

Antiseizure Agent

phenytoin (Dilantin) counseling points

Warning(s): Extravasation risk

Note(s): Phenytoin IV should not exceed 50 mg/min;

levetiracetam (Keppra) therapeutic category

Antiseizure Agent

levetiracetam (Keppra) counseling points

Warning(s): Psychiatric reactions including psychosis, somnolence, fatigue

phenobarbital therapeutic category

Antiseizure Barbituate, C-IV

phenobarbital counseling points

Warning(s): Habit-forming, respiratory depression, fetal harm

Side effect(s): Physiological dependence, tolerance, residual sedation (hangover effect)

lacosamide (Vimpat) therapeutic category

Antiseizure Agent, C-V

lacosamide (Vimpat) counseling points

Warning(s): Prolonged PR interval and increased risk of arrhythmias