art s2 pg50

long before printed or drawn Maos, what did people use to orient themselves

oral histoorires, celestial alignments, patters of use or modification to the land, and other strategies

narrative, sensory cues, and natural features

help humans create a mental map of a place or route

what is the art of map making

recording spatial knowledge in a physical or graphical way

star knowledge is a narrative tool for

conveying cosmology

for north american groups, star knowledge included

ones physical and seasonal location and orientation

where is the native skywatchers program held

Minnesota

th native skywatchers is a joint effort from

Dakota, Lakota, and ojibwe artists, scientists, linguists, and elders

the active skywatchers program produced

modern visualizations of native star knowledge that show the intersection between physical location and cultural tradition

many indigenous cultures aroundd the world rely on what for wayfindin g

customary knowledge

examples of customary knowledge

stories, songs, and other forms of oral history

aboriginal Australians traverse

the outback

who developed chants and songs for orientation

aboriginal australians

aboriginal australians chants and songs served as

navigation aids and helped connect person travels to the journeys of the ancestral beings who shaped the land

australians chants involve

repitition and call and response

what kinda art provided physical landscapes and helped solid narratives of aboriginal australians

rock art

in aboriginal Australia culture a visual language of patterns, shapes, and lines indcates features that include

water holes, campsites, rivers, or areas of great spiritual or ancestral power

before the creation of written or printed maps, compasses, sextants, or gps, people around the world used —— to situate themselves in space and navigate

their sense, landmarks, stories, and personal or collective memories

oceania is dominated by

the Pacific Ocean

the pacific ocean world is made up of

thousands of islands dispersed across million of square miles of water

Nicholas Thomas says western art is looked at with

detached contemplation

Nicholas Thomas says that pacific art suggest

efective aciton is more important than visual communication

where was the rebbelib navigation chart made

Marshall Islands

when was the rebbelib nav chart made

late nineteenth century

the rebbelib nav chart encode

a mental map oof the region

where are the Marshall Islands located

mirconesia

when was Micronesia settled, approximately

1300 BCE

where did migrants going to Micronesia come from

mainland southeast Asia to the west and Polynesia to the east

direction wise, Southeast Asia si the ——- of Micronesia

west

Polynesia is to the —- of Micronesia

east

prehistoric settlers from southeast asia in marhsall island brought

domesticated plant and animal species such as breadfruit, coconuts, and poultry

what is the most dominant force in Marshallese life

the ocean

in Marshallese life, fishing is

an important aspect of survival

since the 18th century Oceanic cultures have been increasingly

affects by global histories of colonial exploration

early histories of oceanic colonial exploration contact were marked by

conflict

Marshallese populations were transported for

use as enforced labor in Hawaiian plantations

Marshallese were used as enforced labor into the

late nineteenth centuries

starting in 1885, the marshall islands were part of

the German empire

after 1914, the marshall island were a part of

the Japanese sphere of influence

politcal control of marshall islands were passed to US when

after WW2

when did marshall island join German empire

1885

where did Marshall Islands start being in the Japanese sphere of. influence

1914

when did marshall island gain independence

1979

today, what is the population of the republic of the Marshall Islands

a little over 42,000

wakahuia is a

treasure box

who made the wakahuia

Maori people

where was wakahuia found

New Zealand

wakahuia are utilitarian items that are also believed to hold

spiritual power

what does mean aje

a drum

where was aje from

Marshall Islands

when was aje made

late nineteenth century

what are aje

ceremonial drums played by women to accompany menswear dances

oceans art encodes

social relations, funeral and ceremonial function, and imbues objects of daily use with utility and beauty

early histories of contact in the pacific world included

collection by european travelers, traders, and ethnographers amassing good from papuan, Polynesia, and Maori communities

why was Micronesian art limited to utilitarian object

they did not have many natural resources

one category of objects unique to the marshall islands

stick charts

who collected rebbelib

a British naval officer Edward Henry eggs Davis

Henry Edward meega davis vistes the marshlal islands aboard the

HMS Royalist

how many pieces did HEMD collect between 1890 and 1893

700

of the 700 how any pieces of HEMDs collection are in the british museum

141

what percent of territory of Marshall Islands is water

98 percent

micronesia is made up of —- square miles of land and 2.9 million square miles of ocean

1050

micronesia is made up of 1050 square miles of land and —- square miles of ocean

2.9 milion

historical figures toponyms

Maryland, Carolina, Washington, Columbia

local landowners or developers toponyms

Austin, Fairfax, Bozeman

geo features toponyms

Little Rock, council bluffs, grandrapids

religious figure/location toponyms

bethesda, Canaan, San Francisco

ancient world toponyms

cars, Carthage, cincinnati

toponyms in US can be derived from what languages

English, French, dutch, German, Spanish, and dozens of indigenous languages

how long takee Jane to do her undergrad

18 years 1958-1976

when did smith curt her first major exhibition

1922

how many artist were featured in Jane smiths first major exhibition

38

smiths trial newspaper

char-koosta news