Back Muscles, Unit #1` Anatomy
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44 Terms
What are the two major divisions of muscles within the back?
Superficial (Extrinsic)
Intrinsic
What are epaxial muscles?
A type of intrinsic muscle
How is an epaxial muscle innervated?
by the dorsal nerve rami
What are hypaxial muscles?
A type of a extrinsic muscle
How is a hypaxial muscle innervated?
By the ventral nerve rami
What are the three major muscle categories within the back (SID)?
Superficial
Intermediate
Deep
What muscles are within the superficial group?
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Rhomboideus major and minor
Levator scapulae
How are the muscles within the superficial group innervated?
By the ventral rami
Are the superficial back muscles extrinsic or intrinsic?
Extrinsic
What is this superficial muscle?
Trapezius
What is this superficial muscle?
Latissimus dorsi
What is this superficial muscle?
Levator scapulae
What is this superficial muscle?
Rhomboid major
What is this superficial muscle?
Rhomboid minor
What is this superficial muscle (highlighted)?
Rhomboid major
What is this superficial muscle (highlighted)?
Rhomboid minor
What is this superficial muscle (in color)?
Trapezius
What is this superficial muscle (highlighted)?
Latissimus dorsi
What are the muscles within the intermediate group within the back?
Serratus posterior superior
Serratus posterior inferior
Are the Serratus posterior and inferior extrinsic or intrinsic?
Extrinsic
What is the function of the Serratus posterior superior and inferior?
Accessory for respiration
How are the Serratus posterior superior and inferior innervated?
By the ventral rami spinal nerve
What nerves innervate the Serratus posterior superior?
ventral rami of the intercostal nerves 2-4 (ribs)
What nerves innervate the Serratus posterior inferior?
the ventral rami of the T9 through T12 (thorasic spinal nerves)
What is this intermediate muscle?
Serratus posterior superior
What is this intermediate muscle (bright red color)?
Serratus posterior inferior
What is the function of the deep group of back muscles?
Maintain posture and move the vertebral column
How are the deep muscles innervated?
By the dorsal rami spinal nerves (THERE IS ONE EXCEPTION TO THIS)
What are the three layers of the deep (true) group of back muscles?
Superficial
Intermediate
Deep
What are the muscles within the superficial layer of the DEEP muscles?
Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicis
The Splenius capitis and cervicis function as what?
the primary drivers for moving and stabilizing your head and neck
What is the action of Splenius capitis?
Extending the head and neck, as well as to rotate and laterally flex them to the same side
What is the action of Splenius cervicis?
To coordinate the position of the head and neck during carious body movements, such as standing up from a sitting position.
What is this superficial muscle within the DEEP muscles?
Splenius cervicis
What is this superficial muscle within the DEEP muscles?
Splenius capitis
What muscles are in the intermediate group of the DEEP muscles?
Erector spinae
Longissimus
Spinalis