Reproductive System

Endocrine System

What system regulates long-term changes in the body?

Ovaries

The reproductive glands in which eggs are produced

FRS

Ovaries, Fallopian Tubes, Uterus, Cervix, Vagina, Mons pubis, Labia majora/minora, Clitoris, Hymen, Estrogen, Ova

MRS

Penis, Scrotum, Testes, Sperm, Testosterone, Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Seminal vesicles, Prostate gland, Bulbourethral glands, Urethra, Semen

Estrogen

the sex hormone that activates physical changes in puberty (breast development, egg maturation)

Progesterone

activates changes to a female's reproductive system before & during pregnancy

Fallopian tubes

two passageways that carry eggs away from the ovaries

Fertilization

The process of a sperm cell joining with an egg

Uterus

A hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ in which fertilized egg develops & grows. Has several layers of tissue & rich supply of blood that protects and nourishes developing babies. This lining also sheds during menstruation.

Cervix

The narrow base of the uterus. When a baby is born, this dilates.

Vagina

Hollow, muscular passage leading from the uterus to the outside of the body. (F)

Mons pubis

soft, fatty tissue at the base of the abdomen on top of the pubic bone (F)

Labia majora

The outer folds of skin with pubic hair (F)

Labia minora

The inner folds of skin that contain many nerve endings and blood vessels (F)

Clitoris

A highly sensitive organ that is located within the inner labia. It contains many nerve and blood vessels (F)

Hymen

The thin membrane that may partly cover the vaginal opening. Has several openings in it, which allow for the passage of menstrual flow.

Menstrual cycle

A process during which an ovary releases a mature egg that travels to the uterus. Unfertilized eggs cause the uterine lining to shed and the cycle begins again

How long is a menstrual cycle on average?

28 days

What affects one's period?

Diet, Extreme exercise/stress, Weight gain/loss

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

Medical condition caused by bacteria infection & is associated w/ tampon use

Symptoms of TSS

High fever rash, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness

Secondary Sex Characteristics (Both)

Voice deepens, muscle strength increases, body hair appears, skin releases more oils, more perspiration

Female Secondary Characteristics

Breasts develop, hips widen, body fat increases, release of mature eggs

Male Secondary Characteristics

Shoulders broaden, hair appears on face & chest, sperm production

No menstrual cycle

Amenorrhea *(just in case)

Female health concerns

Vaginitis (vaginal infection), UTI (urinary tract infection)

Female repro. exams

Breast self exam, Pap Smear, Pelvic Exam

Pap Smear

for folx over 21, a sample of cells are taken of the cervix and examined to check for cervical cancer

Pelvic Exam

an internal exam where doctor checks uterus and ovaries

Penis

the external sexual organ through which sperm leaves the body

Scrotum

a sac of skin that contains testes and regulates their temp. The testes have a temp lower than body temp--allows sperm to develop properly and stay alive

Testes

the male reproductive glands that produce sperm and testosterone (almond-shaped)

Sperm

the male reproductive cells

Testosterone

the sex hormone that affects production of sperm and signals physical changes at puberty (growth of facial hair)

Semen

the mixture of sperm cells and fluids from the seminal vesicle, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands

Urethra

a tube that passes through the penis to the outside of the body. Carries both urine and sperm, not at the same time.

Ejaculation

the ejection of semen from an erect penis

Erection

the state in which a penis becomes larger and stiff as chambers in it are filled w/ blood

Male rep. concerns

Testicular torsion (twisting of testes), Circumcision (removal of foreskin from penis), Inguinal Hernia (part of intestine pushes into the scrotum)

Male rep. exams

Testicular self exams, Medical check-ups

Care for your rep. system

Avoid sex (STI & unplanned pregnancy), Hygiene, Protect from trauma