Ch. 10 Weight Management and Energy Balance

According to BMI, a woman who is 5 feet 6 inches tall and weighs 175 pounds is considered to be

A) of normal weight.

B) overweight.

C) obese.

D) underweight.

overweight

Which of the following conditions is not related to being overweight?

A) certain types of cancer

B) allergic reactions

C) type 2 diabetes

D) osteoarthritis

allergic reaction

One of the easiest ways to assess whether you are at a healthy weight is to

A) compare yourself to your friends.

B) weigh yourself.

C) look in the mirror.

D) calculate your BMI.

calculate your BMI

A man who has a BMI of 20 is considered to be

A) overweight.

B) underweight.

C) at a healthy weight.

D) obese

at a healthy weight

Which of the following BMI values is considered to represent a healthy weight?

A) 18.4 and under

B) between 18.5 and 24.9

C) between 18.5 and 39.9

D) between 20 and 39.9

B) between 18.5 and 24.9

The fat that is stored in the abdominal region is classified as

A) subcutaneous fat.

B) visceral fat.

C) central fat.

D) gynoid fat

visceral fat

About 60 percent of an individual's daily energy needs is determined by

A) the amount of physical activity.

B) the thermic effect of food.

C) the individual's basal metabolic rate.

D) both the amount of physical activity and the thermic effect of food.

C) the individual's basal metabolic rate.

The factor that most affects an individual's BMR is the

A) number of calories consumed.

B) degree of physical activity.

C) individual's lean body mass.

D) number of hours slept each night.

C) individual's lean body mass.

Which of the following factors can lower an individual's basal metabolic rate?

A) epinephrine release during stress

B) large body size

C) caffeine or nicotine intake

D) starvation

starvation

Which of the following hormones is produced in fat tissue and helps regulate body fat by signaling the brain to reduce food intake?

A) ghrelin

B) leptin

C) thyroid hormone

D) cholecystokinin

leptin

Which of the following statements correctly describes a factor that contributes to the growing obesity epidemic? [Mark al that apply.]

A) People have become less physically active.

B) Portion sizes have become too large.

C) People now consume too many ready-to-eat foods prepared outside the home.

D) None of the answers are correct.

A,B,C

Which of the following procedures is cosmetic and not a way to lose weight?

A) gastric banding

B) liposuction

C) gastric bypass surgery

D) treatment with sibutramine

liposuction

Which of the following statements regarding dieting and/or weight-loss diets is incorrect?

A) Consuming modest portions of any food is beneficial.

B) Such diets are designed to reduce caloric intake.

C) Carbohydrates are the main cause for weight gain.

D) Americans spend more than $60 billion annually on weight-loss programs.

C) Carbohydrates are the main cause for weight gain.

Weight loss resulting from a low-carbohydrate diet is primarily due to

A) water loss.

B) fat loss.

C) protein loss.

D) None of the answers is correct.

water loss

Which of the following methods of assessing body fat percentage involves passing an electric current through the body?

A) underwater weighing

B) bioelectrical impedance

C) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

D) skinfold thickness measurements

bioelectrical weighing

Which of the following methods of assessing body fat percentage involves the use of a BodPod?

A) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

B) bioelectrical impedance

C) underwater weighing

D) air displacement

air displacement

What is the approximate TEF of a 260-calorie bagel?

A) 62 calories

B) 2.6 calories

C) 26 calories

D) 260 calories

26 calories

Which of the following hormones is both released when the stomach is distended and triggers the feeling of satiation?

A) insulin

B) glucagon

C) cholecystokinin

D) leptin

C) cholecystokinin

Which of the following products has been proven to promote weight loss?

A) guar gum

B) chitosan

C) bitter orange

D) None of the answers is correct.

none of the above

Which of the following statements about eating disorders is incorrect?

A) Over their lifetimes, about twice as many women as men struggle with eating disorders.

B) Eating disorders are psychological illnesses.

C) The highest prevalence of eating disorders is among African-American women.

D) Among women of all ages, eating disorders are most prevalent in adolescents and young adults.

C) The highest prevalence of eating disorders is among African-American women.

Which of the following substances that increase satiety has the most dramatic effect?

A) protein

B) artificial sweeteners

C) vitamins

D) sugar

protein

Which of the following nutritious foods is the most energy dense?

A) 1 oz cooked chicken breast

B) 1 cup of granola

C) 1 cup of mashed potatoes

D) 1 tbsp of real mayonnaise

1 cup of granola

What is the energy content of unsaturated fats?

A) 4 calories per gram

B) 7 calories per gram

C) 9 calories per gram

D) 11 calories per gram

9 calories per gram

An individual who walks about 10,000 steps daily walks about how far each day?

A) 1 mile

B) 3 miles

C) 5 miles

D) 7 miles

5 miles

Which of the following activities expends the most calories per hour?

A) walking at 3.5 miles per hour

B) bicycling at less than 10 miles per hour

C) swimming slow freestyle laps

D) stretching

C) swimming slow freestyle laps

What is lanugo?

A) fine, downy hair that sometimes is associated with anorexia nervosa

B) a sudden drop in blood pressure resulting from excessive dieting

C) a common side effect of liposuction surgery

D) a supplement that claims to increase metabolism

A) fine, downy hair that sometimes is associated with anorexia nervosa

Which of the following actions is not a diagnostic criterion of bulimia nervosa?

A) abuse of laxatives or diuretics

B) self-induced vomiting

C) excessive exercise

D) excessive caloric restriction

D) excessive caloric restriction

Binge eating disorder involves

A) recurrent episodes of bingeing without purging.

B) side effects such as scar tissue on the knuckles.

C) abuse of laxatives.

D) abuse of diet pills.

A) recurrent episodes of bingeing without purging.

Which of the following types of surgery involves stapling the majority of the stomach shut?

A) liposuction

B) gastric banding

C) gastric bypass surgery

D) hernia surgery

gastric bypass surgery

Which of the following statements describes the likely cause of suppressed appetite after gastric bypass surgery?

A) The loss of stomach area results in the production of lower levels of ghrelin.

B) Bypassing the small intestine results in higher levels of leptin secretion.

C) The stomach produces lower levels of intrinsic factor.

D) The surgery renders foods unpalatable.

A) The loss of stomach area results in the production of lower levels of ghrelin.

Which of the following weight-loss medications has been prohibited by the FDA?

A) supplements containing ephedra

B) Belviq

C) Qysmia

D) orlistat

A) supplements containing ephedra

Which of the following hormones signals the brain to decrease in food intake?

A) ghrelin

B) thyroid hormone

C) leptin

D) cholecystokinin

leptin

Which of the following hormones affects basal metabolic rate?

A) ghrelin

B) thyroid hormone

C) leptin

D) cholecystokinin

thyroid hormone

Which of the following terms describes the sensation of having had enough to eat?

A) satiety

B) anxiety

C) hunger

D) scarcity

satiety

The release of which of the following hormones is signaled when the stomach is distended?

A) leptin

B) ghrelin

C) cholecystokinin

D) thyroid hormone

C) cholecystokinin

Which of the following prescription weight-loss medications reduces hunger and increases thermogenesis?

A) orlistat

B) sibutramine

C) Qsymia

D) Belviq

sibutramine

Which of the following hormones is produced in the stomach and stimulates hunger?

A) leptin

B) thyroid hormone

C) cholecystokinin

D) ghrelin

ghrelin

Which of the following prescription weight-loss medications inhibits an intestinal enzyme needed for the breakdown of fat?

A) Qsymia

B) Meridia

C) Xenical

D) Belviq

xenical

Which of the following surgeries reduces the functional volume of the stomach?

A) gastric banding

B) liposuction

C) colectomy

D) gastric bypass surgery

gastric bypass surgery

Which of the following surgeries involves the removal of subcutaneous fat?

A) gastric bypass

B) liposuction

C) gastric banding

D) valvuloplasty

liposuction

41) Cellulite is a type of fat that is distinctly different from other fat within the body.

false

42) Individuals who undergo gastric bypass surgery can experience nutrient deficiencies due to reduced absorption of nutrients.

true

43) Storing too much subcutaneous fat is more likely to lead to health problems than storing too much visceral fat.

false

44) A BMI of 30 is considered healthy.

false

45) Overweight individuals weigh 10 to 15 pounds more than their healthy weights.

true

46) A BodPod measures air displacement as a method of estimating BMI.

false

47) Underwater weighing as a method for calculating percentage of body fat is based on the fact that fat is less dense than muscle.

true

48) Over time, positive energy balance leads to weight loss.

false

49) The basal metabolism rate (BMR) decreases about 1 to 2 percent per decade for adults.

true

50) Dining at home is associated with a higher BMI.

false

51) It is recommended that overweight individuals lose 4 to 7 pounds per week.

false

52) A person in negative energy balance can expect to lose weight.

true

53) About 20 percent of your daily energy needs is determined by your BMR.

false

54) Hormone fluctuations before a woman ovulates tend to increase her BMR.

false

55) African Americans have BMRs that are about 10 percent lower than those of Caucasians.

true

56) Cholecystokinin is a hormone released when the stomach is distended.

true

57) Leptin is a hormone that is made in the stomach and increases hunger.

false

58) Purchasing a large bag of potato chips instead of a small bag doesn't usually change the amount you actually eat.

false

59) Nonexercise-associated thermogenesis (NEAT) is the energy expenditure that occurs during fidgeting, standing, and chewing gum.

true

60) An environment characterized by cheap and easily obtainable food may be one of the biggest culprits in the current obesity epidemic.

true

61) Eating low-volume, high-calorie foods helps in weight management.

false

62) The fiber in vegetables contributes to their bulk and their ability to prolong satiety.

true

63) Techniques that focus on changing the eating patterns that contribute to weight gain or impede weight loss are referred to as behavior modification techniques.

true

64) In gastric banding, a silicone band is placed around the lower end of the stomach to greatly reduce emptying time.

false

65) To be absorbed, vitamin B12 needs extrinsic factor from the stomach, which is missing after gastric bypass surgery.

true

66) A person needs an energy deficit of approximately 3,500 calories over time to lose one pound of fat.

true

67) Abnormal and potentially harmful eating behaviors that do not meet the specific criteria for an eating disorder are categorized as disordered eating.

true

68) Binge eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of bingeing and purging.

false

69) Self-starvation and excessive weight loss characterize the eating disorder called anorexia nervosa.

true

70) The difference between the numbers of calories needed to maintain weight before and after weight loss is known as the energy gap.

true

71) Body mass index (BMI) is a calculation of your weight in relationship to your age.

false

72) The basal metabolism rate (BMR) is the amount of energy the body expends to meet its basic physiological needs.

true

73) The fat that surrounds organs in the chest, stomach, and above the hips is called subcutaneous fat.

false

74) The fat located under the skin is called visceral fat.

false

75) Deciding to begin eating breakfast and to skip a snack before lunch is an example of behavior modification.

true

76) A woman with a hip circumference of more than 35 inches is at a higher risk for certain diseases than a woman with slimmer hips.

false

77) Rapid weight loss during the first week of low-carbohydrate dieting is due to the loss of water and stored glycogen.

true

78) Each gram of glycogen removed from storage in the liver also causes the loss of 5 grams of water.

false

79) Taking 10,000 steps is the equivalent of walking 7 miles.

false

80) To successfully maintain weight loss, people need to adjust their diet, engage in physical activity, and modify their behavior.

true